| Measuring and analzing the technology innovation efficiency, which is helpful for enterprises’development pattern to be intensive, and achieve the efficient allocation of innovation resources. China is socialist market economy country, and make the public ownership as the main body, there are a variety of economic sectors coexist. The property right structure is relatively complex, it is necessary to analyze the enterprises’innovation efficiency from the angle of property right, It is helpful for full play the advantages of different enterprises, improve enterprise innovation ability, so the research is important in the terms of the theory and practice. By reviewing of the related literature on technology innovation efficiency, we found the following disadvantages:(i) most research make the technology innovation activities as a black box. Factly, the technology innovation activity is composed of multiple associated subprocesses, It is worth studying the enterprise innovation efficiency problem in the perspective of value chain perspective.(ii) The existing literatures did not consider the technology gap among the domestic, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and foreign enterprises. Comparing complanationly will make the results more simplify, and easy to mislead the management decisions, The efficiency problems that considering the technology gap worth further study.(iii) Thinking about two factors of the value chain and technology gap, we analyze the different properties enterprises’ two stage efficiency and technology gap by the framework of metafrontier, such studies are rare.Firstly, Embarking from the value chain, This article used the associative two-stage DEA model to analyze the different property enterprises’technology R&D, achievements transformation efficiency and its influencing factors during the years of2005to2010, we found that:(i) Our country enterprise overall efficiency of technology innovation is still low during the investigation period, two stage of efficiency both are low, which become the common negative factor,(ii) Foreign capital, HongKong, Macao and Taiwan and domestic enterprise’innovation efficiency are decreasing; State-owned enterprise’ efficiency is low, because of the separation of residual claim and residual control innovation, and the enterprise R&D incentive and supervision is insufficient. The private enterprise innovation efficiency is relatively high, but the overall ability of research and development is limited. While foreign companies using the home technology, brand and marketing advantage, play more successfully in terms of achievements’commercialization,(iii) the Tobit regression analysis shows that: The expanding of enterprise scale is beneficial for promoting the R&D efficiency, and the number of scientists and engineers is negative related to R&D efficiency; Scale is positive related to achievements transformation efficiency, the government support, financial support and the number of scientists and engineers are negative related to the achievement transformation efficiency significantly.Secondly, Fully considering the transformation of intermediate output, as well as the resource allocation information of original input, two-stage DEA model shared input associated was built to measure the two stage efficiency of different properties enterprises, and the convergence of efficiency has been researched. The study found that:(i) Enterprises’ technology innovation overall efficiency is not high during the investigation period in China, the two stages efficiency are not high, the improvement space of R&D efficiencys is even more. Firms’ two stages efficiency are lower than the average level, which account for more than40%, mainly from the domestic enterprises.(ii)Domestic, HongKong, Macao and Taiwan and foreign enterprise’s efficiency increasing in turn, and the differences are more obvious. Liability co., and private enterprises innovation efficiency is relatively high in the domestic enterprises, is the learning example of other domestic enterprises.(iii)From the point of convergence results, both as a whole, and in two stages, the coefficient of variation of all have declining in different degrees, and there are the trend of absolute convergence between different property of enterprises, but efficiency differences are still greater.In addition, realizing the heterogeneity of innovation production technology among the domestic, HongKong, Macao and Taiwan and foreign capital enterprises, based on metafrontier theory and the DEA model, the study found that:(i) under the two frontier, China’s enterprise overall innovation efficiency is low, the pure technology efficiency and scale efficiency both are not high, especially the scale efficiency is lower. Domestic, HongKong, Macao and Taiwan and foreign enterprise innovation efficiency increasing in turn, the non-private enterprise’s pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency are both low, the private enterprise’s pure technical efficiency is relatively low, the foreign capital enterprise’s scale efficiency is relatively low, which is the main reason for the efficiency loss,(ii) The metafrontier efficiency is not higher than groupfrontier efficiency, metafrontier implied the optimal technical level in the nation, and groupfrontier only make the optimal technology within the group as a reference. Kruskal-Wallis test showed that there are technology gap among three types of enterprises, the technology gap between foreign enterprises and domestic enterprises, between HongKong, Macao and Taiwan and domestic enterprises are both above0.2, and there is the risk of expanding in gap.(iii) Through the non-efficiency value decomposition, we found that foreign and HongKong, Macao and Taiwan enterprise’s efficiency loss mainly subject to the backward enterprise management level, and domestic enterprises technological gap and the management inefficiency value occupies both certain proportion.Finally, considering the two factors of value chain and technology gap, based on common frontier theory, we analyze the two stages efficiency and technology gap. The results show that:(i)The two stages efficiency value of China’s enterprises are low in the metafrontier, HongKong and Macao Taiwan, foreign and domestic enterprises’R&D efficiency is decreasing in turn. In achievement transformation stage, foreign investment, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and domestic enterprises efficiency decline in turn.(ii)Hong Kong and Macao Taiwan and foreign company are in front of two stage efficiency, but the test of Pearson correlation analysis showed that, two kinds of efficiency ranking have no obvious positive correlation. Pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency in R&D phase are low, scale efficiency of the achievements transformation stage is low, which are the main reasons for the efficiency loss. In the stage of R&D, The TGR values of Hong Kong and Macao, Taiwan, domestic and foreign enterprises decreasing in turn, in the achievement transformation stage, The TGR value of domestic enterprises is the lowest, and there is the risk of continuing to decline.(iii) In the stage of R&D, and the joint venture from Hong Kong Macao and Taiwan company inefficient stems mainly from the low level of management, sino-foreign joint venture enterprises are subject to old technology and management level. In the stage of achievement transformation, sino-foreign joint venture company’s efficiency loss due to the improper management, state-owned enterprises inefficient originates from the backward technology of achievements transformation, joint-stock cooperative enterprises inefficient are related to the two factors.(iv)The degree of market competition, equipment technology level and the proportion of digestion and absorption cost are positively related to the technology innovation efficiency, and innovation atmosphere block the innovation efficiency in the10%level.
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