Job Stress Research On Locomotive Driver Under The Background Of China Railway Speeding-Up

The railway is playing a decisive role in our national economy. China’s railroad has entered a new time with those facts that the train speed had been raised and the railway management system had been reformed deeply. The demands on ability and healthy to the locomotive drivers are higher than before with the deepening of reform and modernization of railway equipment. After the train speed had been raised, its working method has increased the labor intensity and mentality stress obviously to the locomotive drivers. At the same time, the locomotive drivers’ intense degree and job stress were higher and higher because they had grave responsibility which was related to the people’s life and property safety directly.There are more than 120,000 locomotive drivers altogether in our country. They were scattered in 18 Railroad Bureau. They are working in some peculiar work environments, so they must to face the distinctive job stress which from railroad safety operation and hard work load, besides the job stress and tension on general significance. Therefore, their job stress is very particular. But at present, Human Resources Management still put emphasis only on choosing, examining, award, punishment and so on, It did not attach sufficient importance to the problem on job stress and mental health of locomotive drivers.This thesis is based on the Greenberg’s pattern of job stress, borrows the Robbins’ model of job stress, the OSI-R scale as well as some Cooper’s relevance scale such as job stressor, measurement index of job stress. According to the work characteristics of Chinese locomotive driver, we carried out some corresponding revises and got our scale on Chinese locomotive driver’s job stress which is used in our research as a tool.The reason why we choose Chinese locomotive driver as our study object is that we want to know their job stress and its changing accurately. This study adopted the method of sampling test. We had made some questionnaire investigations to the locomotive driver they were belong to 11 Railroad Bureau such as Beijing and Chengdu in 2007 and 2009. We had got 814 and 581 effective investigation samples respectively.According to the results of interview and questionnaire investigation, we constructed the pattern of job stress and the corresponding response pattern of Chinese locomotive driver. After we took the factor analysis to those measurement results, we discovered that the Chinese locomotive driver’s stressor is build up of the following 8 factors such as working environment, work load, conflict of social role, organization and management, management practices, career development, interpersonal relationship, work-family conflicts and so on. Judging the level of job stress which the locomotive driver had endured can use the following 4 measurement index such as the physiological reaction, the psychology reaction, the behavior responds and the self-adjustment ability.We investigated how the control variable affected the other variable and took analysis to the factors which can affect the locomotive driver’s job stress by using sampling test and variance analysis to the following factors such as marital status, age, individuality, level of education, kind of work, length of service, source of getting job, level of income, quantity of subordinate, changing of the guard, scale of organization and so on.We took verification factor analysis which based not only on the exploration factor analysis but also on the corresponding model about locomotive drivers’job stressor and stress-judging structure. Then we got the structure on job stressor as well as stress-judging structure of locomotive drivers. The job stressor of locomotive drivers contains the following 8 dimensions and 31 items such as working environment, work load, conflict of social role, organization and management, management practices, career development, interpersonal relationship, work-family conflicts and so on. Stress-judging structure contains the following 4 dimensions and 23 items such as the physiological reaction, the psychology reaction, the behavior responds and the self-adjustment ability. We can find that the level of stress has the positive effect to the degree of the staff’s work satisfaction. That means clearly that the higher the staff perceive the job stress, the lower satisfaction they will achieve. This research constructed the model which contains 3 aspects such as job stressor, staff’s degree of satisfaction, stress-reaction structure and so on.This thesis also constructed the model on the enterprise culture and the stress-reaction which were used to discuss the relationship between the organization culture and the stress-reaction. The research found that the factor of making innovations in enterprise culture has positive effect to 4 factors of stress-reaction, especially to the physiological reaction, it can obviously reduce the intensity of the physiological reaction.We carried out comparative analysis to the data which from 2007 and 2009 respectively, took direction comparative analysis to the fundamental status of Chinese locomotive driver and the changing factors on their stress. Combining with the modernization of railway equipment and reform of management system, this research revealed the actual stress changing situation of locomotive drivers in two time sections.Combining with the conclusions on job stress of locomotive driver and the study on their working method, this thesis brought out the strategy on how to manage the job stress. This thesis also pointed out that we should establish common management tactics actively from two aspects:the organization and the individual, and the tactics ought to be designed from three aspects:the stressor managing tactics, the stress-reaction managing tactics and the stress-symptom managing tactics at the same time. Finally, this thesis put forward some concrete tactics.The meaning of this research lies in:Firstly, it revealed the job stress of locomotive driver in our country and the effect factors on it, constructed the model which can measure the occupational stressors, stress-symptoms and their relationship accurately, further put forward some constructive suggestion which is related to how to manage the job stress both to the staff and their organization. Secondly, this research not only enriched the practice studies on job stress in our country but also tested and enriched the theory.