The Cotton Nitrogen Nutrition Diagnosis And Fertilizer Decision System Establishment In Andriod Cell-phone Based On Green Seeker

Xinjiang is one of biggest cotton production base in China, now the cotton yieldaccount for 60% more of nationwide production grosses, since the technology of dripirrigation under plastic film has been applied, the cotton fertilization is mainly dependon topdressing with many times, moreover, the cotton yield increasing major rely onfertilization increase more or less, especially for Nitrogenous fertilizer plays animportant role during the cotton growth and seeds cotton yields. At present, the cottonfertilization is still according to expert advices, apply Nitrogen fertilization withunreasonable, which not only caused cost increased, but also the ecological balance isdamaged. In order to making a management with accurate for fertilization so thatimprove the timeliness of Nitrogen nutrient diagnostic and Nitrogen utilizationefficiency, it is eager to require a easy and exact diagnostic technology for fertilizingbased on Nitrogen sufficient and insufficient situation as required.Monitoring of cotton growth and nutrition situation with timely, fast, quantifiedcan be realized by use active remote sensing spectrum measuring and testing technique,and can accurately complete fertilization according to Nitrogen nutrition diagnosis.However, how to establish the model for cotton growing in every stage so thatrecommend fertilization with fast and timely, which is the focus of study. Therefore, thestudy apply the method of active remote sensing spectrum Green Seeker and make amonitor timely for cotton field with drip irrigation under plastic film in 2011-2013 sothat obtain the NDVI value of cotton canopy, through nitrogenous fertilizer graded withsmall area test combined with large area field test, mainly analyzed the changeregulation under the different condition of NDVI value, and established the relationshipmodel between NDVI value and group parameters of cotton canopy, NDVI and yields,NDVI and fertilizing amount, refer to Nitrogen nutrition diagnosis index, therecommend model of Nitrogen additional fertilizer can be established. In addition, usethe smart phones as carrier and set up cotton fertilization expert system based onAndroid, the efficient and fast accurate management can be achieved. The main studyresults as following:1. Analysis of cotton canopy NDVI characteristic parameter under differentconditionsSelect main plant cultivar, New Lu Zao 48#, in North of Xinjiang as experimentalmaterial, make a small area test for Nitrogen graded test and water-Nitrogen two factorstest. Apply Green Seeker for obtaining continuous canopy NDVI value from cotton budstage to boll opening period. From the quantitative relationship between differentNitrogen nutrition, different growth periods, different water-nitrogen conditions andNitrogen application rate, we make a comprehensive analysis, as results indicates thatthe NDVI value show a trend of “low-high-low” under the different Nitrogen nutritionalconditions, and the peak value can be found after the cotton seeds come out 100 d.However, the NDVI value which was treated by high Nitrogen was higher than lowNitrogen treated. Meanwhile, NDVI value will show a trend of “low-high-low” withNitrogen application increasing in each growth period. Making a Nitrogen fertilizer inW2 and W3 water treatment when seeds come out 89 d to 110 d, the effect value againstNDVI was larger. Moreover, there is linear relation between NDVI value and Nitrogenapplication rate, and the determination coefficient are higher(R2>0.8000)in all the keyperiods of cotton growth,, among in growth period, the determination coefficient ismaximum in flowering phase(R2=0.9147), the determination coefficient is minimum(R2=0.8066) in early wadding period. As we all known, NDVI value sensitive toNitrogen during cotton growth period, and NDVI value change with single peak type istogether with the cotton growth conditions as well as nutrient accumulationcharacteristic illustrates that NDVI value can reflect cotton nutrition situation andgrowth rhythm. Therefore, it is foundation for adopting Green Seeker as cotton Nitrogennutrition diagnosis, growth supervise, as well as apply fertilizer etc series study, whichcan get NDVI value with fast and reliable.2. Dynamic monitoring for the cotton colony biological parametersUnder base of the correlation analysis between NDVI value and cotton canopycolony parameters CH.D,LNA and LAI, the regression analysis can be made, and useindividual test materials for making experiment to model, the results illustrates that thedynamic change of CH.D,LNA and LAI are almost same with NDVI value, and thesimilarity between LAI and NDVI value is maximum with growth changing, its peakcan be found after 100 d, the maximum value of LNA can be found after the seeds comeout around 75 d, but CHD peak can be observed too late after the seeds come out 110 d.There are positive correlativity between CH.D,LNA and LAI with cotton canopy NDVIvalue, especially have significant correlation in cotton full-bloom stage, cotton fibergrowth period and fiber mature period. Through the R-Squared(R2), Root mean squarederror(RMSE), Relative error(RE) test, indicates that NDVI values is high reliable tomonitoring for CH.D, LNA, LAI three agronomic parameters in cotton bloom stage andfiber growth period. Therefore, apply Green Seeker NDVI values so that obtained cottoncanopy cotton groups biological parameters and can achieve the dynamically monitor.The Green Seeker monitor canopy, which lay the foundation for selection of Nitrogennutrient diagnosis index and establishment of top application recommend model3. Estimation model of cotton productionMaking a changing analysis on cotton production in different nitrogen nutritionconditions, under the base of the cotton yield correlation analysis between key growthperiod, such as full-bud stage, flowering stage, full-boll stage, early-wadding stage, andNDVI value so as to establish regression model and verify this model. The resultsillustrates that the cotton yield show a increase to decrease trend with apply Nitrogenamount, the difference of Nitrogen amount have big influence to cotton yield, the yieldwith N2 is high 60.9% in two years than yield with N0. With Nitrogen amountincreasing, cotton yield is not liner increasing, instead of yield will decreasing. NDVIvalues and yields have shown a positive correlation, the correlation coefficientbetween annual data is better than a single year, so can establish regression model byuse annual data. When established a linear regression model between NDVI valuesand yield, the test results show that the production can be estimated by NDVIvalues in the critical growth period, the reliability is maximum in cotton boll period(R2=0.9064,RMSE is 301.67 kg·ha-2,RE is 5.15%). So the dynamic monitoring ofcotton production can be achieved by use Green Seeker. The quantitative analysis onNDVI and yield can confirm critical NDVI value, which can conclude if need additionalfertilizer4. The cotton top application model based on nitrogen nutrition diagnosisApply the relationship between NDVI and Nitrogen fertilizer amount, production,between production and Nitrogen fertilizer, under the background of Nitrogen nutritiondiagnosis so that establish the cotton top application recommend model. The resultsreveal that the most best value are 0.704,0.856,0.921 and 0.838 separately in the keygrowth period of full bud stage, flowering stage, full boll stage and initial by therelationship between NDVI and yield. The critical NDVI value can be determinedaccording to the optimum economic yield, which are 0.695,0.833,0.881 and 0.809;themaximum seeds cotton yield is 6812.7 kg·ha-2 by the effect function of Nitrogenfertilizer, so corresponding topdressing amount are 294.7 kg·ha-2. Through establishtopdressing model, the conclusion can be made that NDVI change 0.001, requireNitrogen fertilizer amount are 0.24,0.91,1.11 and 0.16 kg·ha-2 in full bud stage,flowering stage, full boll stage and wadding period. Apply this study result can concludeif need topdressing, and as per obtained NDVI value can calculate the topdressingamount exactly. After checked by land, under the condition of assure the yield, spectrumcommendation can reduce Nitrogen fertilizer with assure target yield, narrow the gapbetween soil fertilizer so that achieve the purpose of fertilize as required. The spectrumrecommendation fertilizer model provides an important support for establishment ofdecision system.5. Cotton fertilizer decision system based on smart phonesIntegrated with mathematical model of the agriculture, information technology, theJava programming language, SQLite database, using Linux platform the open nature ofAndroid mobile phone system so that establish the cotton fertilization decision-makingexpert system The system includes canopy nutrient monitoring, fertilizer total amountrecommendation, the growth period fertilizer recommendation and decision informationmanagement etc functions, and can realize the GPS positioning, and send decisioninformation by phone messages. This system realizes the real-time monitoring, real-timefertilizer recommendation function, which help decision makers to resolve problemsand not only can make decision in any time, but also improve work efficiency greatly.Above mentioned results indicate that the NDVI value which obtained fromGreen Seeker can reflect the cotton growth condition in each growth period exactly, theNitrogen nutrition situation of cotton in each growth period can be diagnosed timely, thecotton yield can be estimated exactly in key growth period of cotton. The additionalfertilizer model established can calculate the top application amount on each timechange 0.001 unit, and combined with critical NDVI value can calculate the additionalfertilizer amount in each growth period accurately, which achieved the recommendationof cotton top application timely. According to group nutrient estimated model and topapplication model, and took Android smart-phone as carrier so that establish the cottonapply fertilizer decision experts system, which can complete field crops fertilizermanagement with fast and timely. The study can provide an important referenceevidence for precise technology development of Xinjiang cotton.