Research On Accident Analysis And Computer Simulation Of Car-Highway Barrier Impact

Among the highway accidents about one third are vehicle-barrier crashes, which result in numerous casualty and property losses. Therefore, analyzing crash between vehicle and barrier, studying occupant protection and improving safety performance of vehicle and barrier has aroused a greater concern in nations all over the world.From views of human, vehicle and barrier, car crash with highway barrier was studied systematically in this paper by using computer simulation. Firstly, background of highway development and data collecting and statistics analysis of highway accidents at home and abroad were carried out. Researches of vehicle-barrier crash accidents on highway were compared between in and outside China, and two new conclusions were drawn.The category, design and guidelines of highway barriers were then described, and dynamics of occupant and injury biomechanics were also discussed. It was found that the most frequently injured body segments during a car-barrier crash are head and thorax, and their injury mechanisms were pointed out.Based on computer simulations, different programs, such as MADYMO and LS-DYNA, were used in this paper to develop simulation model of car-barrier crash with two kinds of barriers (concrete barrier and w-beam barrier) and two styles of cars (Ford and Santana) respectively. A parameter study on dynamics of the car and occupant and the performance of the barriers was carried out. Several important conclusions were drawn out and a new structure of barrier post was presented creatively.The results from this study indicated that the two simulation programs used herein differ a lot in simulating car-barrier crash. The simulation results of both the simulating crash system were compared with international typical tests publicly published, and showed to provide reasonable agreement with the experimental data. Verification indicated that the car-barrier crash simulation models developed in this paper present high accuracy and stabilityFinally, on the basis of summarizing dynamics of car and occupant andprotection behavior of barriers in car-highway barrier crash, many problems and solutions confronted in the current research were presented, and the prospect and objectives of further work were also given.