Comparative And Evaluation Study On Plant Diversity Of Three Nature Reserve In Liaoning

Based on comparative analyzing and evaluating basic components,geographical components and general features of flora,this dissertation takes three nature reserves in Liaoning province(Baishilazi,Laotudingzi and Haitang Mountain) as the research object, and the research of vegetation classification in these nature reserves are also carried on. Key protected species in nature reserves can be identified by analyzing the diversity of typical plant communities and significance in the forest.By proposed protection mechanisms,this dissertation is aimed at providing scientific basis on diversity conservation and operation management for typical nature reserves in Liaoning.The main results are as follows:(1) 1065 species of vascular plants,belonging to 451 genera and 114 families,were distributed in Baishilazi Nature Reserve,including 64 species of ferns,belonging to 33 genera and 20 families;16 species of gymnosperms,belonging to 7 genera and 4 families; and 985 species of angiosperms,belonging to 411 genera and 90 families.1075 species of vascular plants,belonging to 488 genera and 123 families,were distributed in Laotudingzi Nature Reserve,including 60 species of ferns,belonging to 29 genera and 19 families;23 species of gymnosperms,belonging to 11 genera and 4 families;and 1075 species of angiosperms,belonging to 448 genera and 100 families.858 species of vascular plants, belonging to 428 genera and 104 families,were distributed in Haitang Mountain Nature Reserve,including 21 species of ferns,belonging to 11 genera and 10 families;15 species of gymnosperms,belonging to 9 genera and 4 families;and 822 species of angiosperms, belonging to 408 genera and 90 families.Therefore,angiosperms held absolute advantages in the vascular plants of Baishilazi,Laotudingzi and Haitang Mountain Nature Reserves.The comparison results of Baishilazi,Laotudingzi and Haitang Mountain showed the number of families was 28,37 and 27,respectively,which contained a single species, indicating that the number of families dominated major proportion than species.The number of families was 57,53 and 58,respectively,which contained 2-9 depauperate species,indicating that proportion of family was high while the ratio of shared species was lack in number.The number of families was 21,23,13,respectively,contained 10-29 species;6,6,4,contained 30-50 species and 2,4,2,contained more than 50 species.Great majority of families contained large number of species in three nature reserves.There was higher percentage in monotypic genus(contained a single species) and depauperate genera (contained 2-5 species) in Baishilazi,Laotudingzi and Haitang Mountain Nature Reserves. The number of monotypic genus(contained a single species) was 235,264 and 260, respectively.The number of depauperate genera(contained 2-5 species) is 182,185 and 146,respectively,which comprised 40.53%,44.65%and 45.92%of the belonging genus. The aggregate ratio of monotypic genus and depauperate genera is more than 90%of entirely species.And proportion of species constitute monotypic genus and depauperate genera was nearly 70%of entirely species.Baishilazi,Laotudingzi and Haitang Mountain Nature Reserves were widely distributed in the tropics with the highest proportion.In addition,the proportion of the North Temperate Zone and metatype that nature reserves distributed was also high.22 and 26 families were discovered in Baishilazi and Laotudingzi Nature Reserves,respectively, which made up 19.14%and 19.22%of total family numbers.There were 19 families distributed in Hangtang Mountain Nature Reserves,which made up 20.21%of the total family numbers.The tropical,temperate zone and metatype crossed major terrain in these nature reserves,which distributed 40-50%of the total family numbers.Concerning family aspect,Baishilazi,Laotudingzi and Haitang Mountain had majority of them distributed in pantropical and temperate zone with an approximate number,while the number of families is the least in Temperate Zone and Frigid Zone.Concerning the total family numbers in varied types,there was a preponderance of family numbers discovered in Laotudingzi, which contained almost all type of families distributed in Baishilazi in an overall similarity (the ratio is 90%).The number of genera in northern temperate was 150,177 and 128 in Baishilazi, Laotudingzi and Haitang Mountain,which contained 17.46%of spermophyte in Baishilizi and 15.90%of spermophyte in Laotudingzi.The number of genera in tropics and its metatype is 85,which contained 20.38%of spermophyte in Haitang Mountain.The types of Spermatophytic Genera Endemic discovered in the areas mentioned above were 2(Baishilizi),5(Laotudingzi) and 9(Haitang Mountain).Concerning of genera aspect, Baishilazi,Laotudingzi and Haitang Mountain were mainly formed in temperate zone, indicating the feature of topography transition from the temperate zone to the tropics. According with the features of family distributions,Baishilazi and Laotudingzi had not much difference between temperate zone composition and the tropics composition. With the similar proportion in family,genus and species,Baishilazi and Laotudingzi had striking similarity both in the species composition,flora geographical components and the number of national protected plants.Laotudingzi was more preponderant than Baishilazi not only in the number of family,genus and species,(including almost all species in Baishilazi),but also in the geographical components.Therefore,considered diversity of species and flora composition,laotudingzi was recommended as a significant nature reserve in national level.(2) The similarity among the families aspect was the highest in Flora of Baishilazi, Laotudingzi and Haitang Mountain;Genera were relatively in secondary place,while species had the least similarity.With species diversity and complex geography composition, Baishilazi located in the edge of topography transition flora from Changbai to North China, showing age-old features of aggregate transitivity from Northeast,North,Northwest, Eastern,Central and Southwest part of China.The main flora in Haitang Mountain Nature Reserve belonged to North geography,combining with the flora of Changbai and Mongolia territory.(3) Baishilazi Nature Reserve was divided into 4 vegetation type groups,5 vegetation types,9 sub-vegetation types and 21 formations.Laotudingzi Nature Reserve was divided into 4 vegetation type groups,6 vegetation types,9 sub-vegetation types and 14 formations. Haitang Mountain Nature Reserve was divided into 4 vegetation type groups,5 vegetation types,7 sub-vegetation types and 20 formations.(4) There exist significant differences in species diversity among arbor layer,shrub layer and herb layer in the distinct forest communities.The diversity of herb layer was significantly higher than the arbor layer and shrub layer,reflecting the inter-species diversity of forest communities in spatial layout.In the same type of forest community, diversity index numbers in all levels also showed significant differences.That is, Herbage＞Shrub＞Arbor.