| In the vertical gradient range of 650-2200m in Wuyi Mountain, there were 4 evergreen broad-leaved forest plots,4 coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forests,4 coniferous forests,12 dwarf trees and 12 alpine meadows,24 in arbor layer,24 in shrub layer, and 36 in herb layer. Through the investigation of plant community and community analysis, the results are as follows:1 Species composition of flora in Wuyi MountainAccording to Wuyi Mountain vegetation sampling data and samples collected data, Wuyi Mountain has a total of 201 branches of 101 genera, 51 families of vascular plants,4 species of 4 families and 4 families of ferns, accounting for 7.84%,3.92% and 1.99%. There were 4 species of gymnosperms,3 families and 3 genera, accounting for 3.92%,2.94% and 1.99% respectively. There were 193 species belonging to 45 families and 95 genera in angiosperms, accounting for 92.16%,93.14% and 96.02% respectively. There were 180 species of 81 genera,81 families,81.37% and 89.55% of 41 families and 83 genera of dicotyledonous plants. There were 13 families of monocotyledons in 4 families and 12 genera, accounting for 7.84%,11.76% and 6.47% respectively.2 The characteristics of the elevation gradient distributionThere are 14 families,26 families in tropical distribution and 11 families in temperate zone, accounting for 27.45%,50.97% and 21.59%, respectively, in the distribution area of the families in Wuyi Mountain. In addition to the World Distribution Division, the distribution types of the vascular plant families in Wuyi Mountains are dominated by Pantropic Distribution, East Asia (tropical and subtropical) and tropical South America, with 29.41% in the North Temperate and South Temperate,11.76% and 11.76% respectively.The distribution of plant families in Wuyi Mountain is characterized by low elevation and high altitude. The distribution of tropical species is dominant in all altitudinal gradients, followed by the world distribution and temperate distribution. At altitude of 1900-2158m, World Division of the dominant position. In the evergreen broad-leaved forest (200?1000m above sea level) and coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest (1000-1350m), there are more flora types in the family of plants, mainly in the tropical distribution families, (1750-1900m). In the coniferous forest (1350-1750m) and the mountainous low forest (1750-1900m), the distribution of the floristic species in the plant families decreased, and the distribution of the world In the mountain meadow (1900-2158m), there are only two types of flora, and the number of plants is less, and the distribution of families in the world is in the tropical distribution section.3 Altitudinal gradient distribution of plant generaThe genera of genera in Wuyi Mountain are in the order of tropical distribution> temperate> genera> 63 genera,44 genera,5 genera and 5 genera, indicating that the genera of the genera of genera, Tropical distribution area is dominant, followed by temperate zone.In the evergreen broad-leaved forest (200-1000m above sea level), tropical distribution accounted for obvious advantages. Symplocos, Ilex, Eurya, Machilus are typical tropical genera, reflecting a strong tropical nature. The temperate distribution of Rhododendron was dominant in mountainous lowland forest (1750-1900m) and mountain meadow (1900-2158m), and the distribution of Rhododendron was also larger in tropical forest, proportion.The distribution of the subordinate species shows that the tropical elements occupy the main position in the whole elevation gradient, which shows the basic characters of the flora of Wuyi Mountain, and the temperate distribution. The Chinese endemic genera are only found in several gradients. Tropical distribution of plant species in the evergreen broad-leaved forest, coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest and coniferous forest have a large advantage, but in the mountain forest, mountain meadow zone with temperate distribution is dominant.4 Altitudinal gradient of the horizontal structure of Wuyi MountainThe relative density of species in the evergreen broad-leaved forest at 600m was higher than that of the other species, such as Rhododendron ovatum, Rhododendron latoucheae, Castanopsis eyrei, Syzygium buxifolium), Castanopsis carlesii and the like. The coniferous forest is mainly composed of Pinus taiwanensis, Pyrus calleryana, Rhododendron fortunei, Pinus taiwanensis, Pinus taiwanensis, Eurya muricata, Schima superba, (Rhododendron fortunei) and several other major species.The highest frequency of evergreen broad-leaved forest with elevation gradient of 600m was Dendropanax dentiger and rice, and the rest were Machilus chekiangensis, Elaeocarpus sylvestris and Diospyros morrisiana. At the altitude of 1000m, the highest frequency of coniferous mixed forest is Castanopsis eyrei, Schima superba, Malpighia, and the others are Eurya japonica, Codonopsis, Rhododendron and so on. At the altitude of 1200-1900m conifer forest, the relative frequency of the highest Yunjin azalea, the rest are thin hair pear, East China Mountain Willow (Clethra barbinervis), Huangshan Song and so on. The relative frequency of the dwarf forest at 1800m was mainly Symplocos paniculata, Rhododendron fortunei, Pilus pumila and so on.5 Analysis of important value of Wuyi Mountain communityThere were 142 species of arbors in Wuyishan survey area, and 14 species were analyzed by species with important values greater than 5%, such as Castanopsis eyrei, Pinus taiwanensis, Eurya japonica and so on. The important values of the first 10 species are 1.2927. There were 53 species of shrub species in Wuyishan survey sample,14 species were obtained by shrub analysis with importance value greater than 2%, and only Ma Yinhua was more important than 5. There were 37 species of herbaceous species in Wuyishan survey sample,16 species were analyzed by herbs with important values higher than 2%. Carex dispalata, Hicriopteris glauca, Fern (Cibotium barometz) and other six.6 Species richness and altitude gradient of Wuyi MountainWith the increase of altitude, species richness index of arbor layer had an increasing trend, which was close to 60 species at 600 m and nearly 70 species at 1500m, which indicated that the species of arbor layer increased with the elevation, And then gradually reduced to 1900m to 35 species, to the alpine meadow to reach zero. Indicating that the number of species in the tree layer in the low-altitude more high altitude sharply reduced, of which the highest number of species in the sea. The general trend of Margalef index increased first and then decreased with the increase of altitude.The species richness and the Margalef index of the shrub layer in the Wuyi Mountains increased with the altitude, and the species richness index and Margalef index increased first and then decreased. The species number of evergreen broad-leaved forest is about 30-40 species at about 600 m, and then rises slightly, reaching the maximum at 1000-1700 m, then the number of species is 43, then descending to 1900 m. Coniferous forest is 19 species, dwarf forest of 1800 m above sea level and alpine meadow above 2000 m without shrub.The richness index of the herbaceous plants in Wuyi Mountain increased first and then decreased and then increased with the elevation. The number of species reached 12 in the 1000-1700 m conifer-broadleaf mixed forest, and 14 in the alpine meadow with the second increase above 2000 m. The Margalef index of the herbaceous layer also increased first and then decreased with the elevation above sea level, which was consistent with the change of species richness index.7 Altitudinal gradient pattern of a diversity in Wuyi MountainIn Simpson index of tree layer species a diversity, the Simpson index decreased with the elevation gradient. The trend of Shannon-Wiener index with the increase of altitude. Pielou index has a zigzag tendency with the increase of altitude.In the species diversity analysis of shrub layer, the Simpson index increased first and then decreased with the elevation. The variation of Shannon-Wiener index with altitude is the first increase and then the decrease. Pielou evenness index increased with the elevation, the uniformity of the first decrease and then increase the phenomenon.In the species diversity analysis of shrub layer, the Simpson index gradually decreased and then increased with the elevation. The Shannon-Wiener index showed an obvious trend of first decrease and then increase with the elevation gradient. The Pielou Evenness Index showed a tendency to decrease first and then increase with altitude. |
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