AM Fungal Diversity In Qinling Mountain And Its Relationship With Plant Diversity

Biodiversity is the human survival and sustainable development of material basis, the study of biological diversity becomes a premise of protecting biological diversity,so the investigation of biological diversity has became a major scientific issues of concern. AM fungi are widely distributed in nature, which form a symbiosis with most plants, and take an important physiological role.The most of current surveys focus on biodiversity aboveground, so to carry out a survey of biological diversity underground will enrich biodiversity theory.In this paper, the main peak of Qinling Taibaishan was the main object of study, 336 samples of plant roots and 336 rhizosphere soil samples were collected from 1050 meters to 3750 meters above sea level. Then investigated the diversity of fungi underground and their spatial distribution systematically, while investigate the plant diversity and AM fungi colonization. The results showed that:(1) In the 336 soil samples, 45 species of AM fungi in 5 genera were isolated and identified, including 27 species of Glomus,7 species of Acaulospora,4 species of Gigaspora,6 species of Scutellospora and 1 species of Entrophospora. G.geosporum has the highest frequency and spore density.(2) AM fungi spore density and species richness was significantly influenced by altitude, as altitude increases, AM fungal spore density and specie richness decreased significantly.The research of the AM fungal spore density , relative abundance, isolation frequency and important value shows that: Glomus>Acaulospora> Scutellospora >Gigaspora>Entrophospora.Although on different altitude, AM fungal diversity was different, but the difference of each genera spore density, isolation frequency, relative abundance and importance value of was in the order as above. (3) The analysis of 336 samples plant roots showed that 260 samples were infected by AM fungi, The rate of infection was 77%. The infection intensity of different plants (hyphal length in the root, arbuscular numbers in the root, the vesicles numbers in the root) at different altitudes varies widely, but do not show regular changes with altitude. In the different family of plants, intensity of infection also vary greatly.(4) Ground plant species diversity decreased with altitude obviously.Correlation analysis showed that: AM fungal species diversity and spore density was correlated with plant diversity.