| The concept of Forest pillars forms is not researched for in all kinds of articles, it is new concept or word; it summarizes a kind of tourism resources, which exist in real life. The paper chooses landscape of forest pillars forms in Mid-Yunnan as objective of researching according to need of researching field, There are two kinds of properties of tourism resources and geological resources included in the object of researching; it is also a kind of tourism geology resourcesFrom view of tourism visiting, "forest pillars forms" describes outside forms of landscape, means the property that has forest forms from whole view and has pillar form from individual view. From view of geology, forest pillars landscape, are also geology body and geology heritage based geological environment. Whether stratum, condition,action or natural life cycle that buildup landscape have relationship with geology. Geological properties affect tourism values embodying, tourism exploitation and protection must be also in line with geology law. There are the geology landscape of forest pillars forms have special tourism attraction, for example, sandstone pillars and peaks in Zhangjiajie, stone forest, Danxia geomorphology and colorful sand forest, earth forest, gypsum forest all give tourists comfort of vision beauty. Researching on its tourism values shall be based geological background; know deeply its properties of geology and landscape, research its form and evolution, common and individual properties, etc. stress comprehensive analysis and comparing research. Mix organically knowledge of tourism and geology; bring advantage of tourism and geology subject into full play. From view of geology landscape science and visiting properties, develop its tourism values. Seek for way of transferring geology resources to tourism resources, develop and protect it correctly under guide of geological law. Use basic thought and methods above, the paper stresses on several aspects as following:There are some geological landscapes of forest pillars forms distributed in the world and in china. For example, there is an earthy forest of tuff in Turkey. There are also tower-like, sword-like and cone-like stone forests of karst in more than 20 countries. There are more than 18 national geologic park having forest pillars characteristics. Wulingyuan quartz sand peak forest is well known by much more and higher forest columns. It was named as the world geological park and the world natural heritage. Danxia geomorphology is distributed widely over more than 350 places in china, the Guangdong Geopark of Danxia Mountain is most typical Danxia geomorphology, and there are lots of characteristic pillars in Danxia scenic district. In addition, there are more other types of forest pillars, such as granite forest pillars, forest pillars formed by wind erosion and forest pillars of Loess. Compared with stone forest, there are less sand forest and earthy forest distributed, they are belong to the outcome of water and soil erosion distributed mainly over Yunnan, Sichuan, Tibet, Xingjiang, Ganshu, Jinling, and so on.The. extent of Mid-Yunnan researching region is not determined by principles of administrative and geological structure. But according to vicinity principle of distance united with administrative district principle. Putting south QuJing that is adjacent to Kunming into original Min-Yunnan administrative district. Therefore, the extent of Mid-Yunnan includes KunMing, YuXi, ChuXiong and south Qujing. Thus the geological landscape of forest pillars in Mid-Yunnan comprise the Sand Forest, the Colorful Sand Forest in Luliang county, the Earthy Forest in YuanMou county and The Colorful Gypsum Forest in Yunjiang. The four forest pillars districts have different features of situation, topography, geomorphology, climate, hydrology, ecology, vegetation, geological background and structure unit of geology. To certain degree, these conditions affected tourism value embodying.Geology feature researching on geological landscape of forest pillar forms involve in rich contents. Such as conditions of formation, natural evolution life cycle and feature of landscape forms. The result of researching indicates that there are some common traits of formation. For example, the pattern of superposed structure controlled the basic landform of forest pillars. The development of vertical joint is in favor of vertical leaching, vertical joints is also benefit to cut columns, the crust uplifting is helpful for denudation, erosion to terrace, furthermore, water erosion and cutting along vertical joints made the pillars form gradually.From view of geology tectonics, they are all locate in fault basin or sediment basin among plateaus, have deep and great rupture developing and controlling, the earth' s crust move violently, such as fault and uplifting, it made stratum breaking and developing vertical jointS。For example, The Stone Forest is under controlling of west JiaLiTong structure layer, number one sub-layer of east and south-east HaiXi structure layer。The colorful sand forest in LuLiang belong to Yangzi paraplatform macroscopically, locate on the edge of ancient NiuShouShan island, between QianGui platform and KunMing subsidence zone, locate also to eastern section of Xiajiang deep and great rupture, belong to new HuaXia tectonic system.YuanMou County locates inside to western section of "shan"-like tectonic. YuanMou Dongshan great rupture and its substructure control the earthy forest developing macroscopically , the rupture zone has character of stressing and twisting. It makes rock easily cutting and forming vertical joints. The YuanJiang colorful gypsum forest locates in JingShaJiang-Honghe rupture zone, on link line of Euroasia and India plate, also on the junction of gotectonic unit, because of controlling of AiLao moutain rupture zone , make early tertiary period strata of the colorful gypsum forest stress and squeeze, occur folding and warping, form fault and vertical joints .Vertical joints play important role in the course of forest pillars developing, vertical joints enhance weathering and water cutting down along crack, provide conditions for growth and separation of columns along vertical orient.The near horizontal occurrence of stratum is in favor of the stability of the sculpted forest pillars.The earth' s crust uplifting make sediment rocks and depositions in sea and lake raising , during depositions mesa uplifting, water flow down and erode along vertical joints, make mesa disintegrate easily, is helpfulfor formation of pillars. Water flowing act as sculpture worker during forest pillars developing, it is water flow that permeate and cut down along vertical joints, disintegrate whole terrace into separate, higher, enrich columns.The difference of lithology is the critical factor for forming scenery, The Stone Forest developed on the limestone of Maokou Formation in the Permian , had features of thick strata and purity, belonged to sea faces sediment. The strata of the Colorful Sand Forest in Lulian belong to Niushoushan group in Proterizoic era; it is weak metamorphic rocks system. Belongs to Ciying formation, which mainly is quartz sandstone, arkose, sandstone, siltstone, silty mudstone, sericite slate and intercalated with tuff and silicalite. Their depositional setting is estuary delta along lakeshore and proluvium-alluvial fan along piedmont. The stratum of Yuan earthy forest is comprised of loose substance of Cenozoic Paleogone to quaternary, it is thick sediment of lake and river appearance more than 700 meters.The stratum of colorful gypsum in Yunjiang is composed of varicolored gypsum-bearing mudstone, shale and sandstone of Eogene System.There are also other different actions for formatting scenery in addition to common characteristics. For example, Carbonation-solution action is an especial factor for formatting The Stone Forest. The action occurs on rocks containing calcium carbonate, e.g. chalk and limestone. Rainfall and dissolved carbon dioxide forms a weak carbonic acid, Calcium carbonate reacts with an acid water and forms calcium bicarbonate or calcium hydrogen carbonate, which is soluble and removed by percolating water. During this course, forest pillars under or up ground are formed gradually. This is a characteristic action different from the action that forms Sand forest, earthy forest, and gypsum forest. The origins of enrich color of the Sand Forest are very complex, a lot of factors may affect its color. The result of researching indicate that the dominant and basic factor is paleogeographic environment, the color of sand bodies in line with parent rock under paleogeographic deposit environment . Various colors presented by the sandstone (Ciying formation(N2c) derive from different minerals and debris in the rock, which come from the slightly metamorphosed source rock (Niutoushang formation(Z1nt); Debris and mineral optical character are other critical factors, for example, the difference of substance component, especially the impurity element and microelement difference in sediment, the different water content ratio of minerals and rocks, and the absorbability of clay mineral in sand layers all make color more complex, the diversified sunlight reflectivity of minerals in the rock is also a factor of color; furthermore, filling and cement in sand body also create different color, in addition , The other part (secondary) factors, such as fault and stratum dislocated and collapsed , the fake bedding formed by the secondary change in the anaphase of diagenism, the coloration by the elements carried by overflow, the pervasion and infiltration of the surface underground water, living things factor all may make color complex.The dissolving action of gypsum occurring in the colorful gypsum forest belong to hydration, it make gypsum reserve. Gypsum hydration is the process whereby a hydrate mineral absorbs water; undergo expanding and changing to become gypsum finally. Generally speaking, gypsum hydration action make easily strata leach and erode, it is harm to stability of forest pillars。But under dry and hot climate condition in Yuanjiang, the mechanism of gypsum hydration action become especial, form gypsum-mud crust to protect columns, makes it not collapse.The weather crust of iron feature and iron cement of Yuanmou earthy forest has umbrella-like protection result.Under humid and hot climate condition, most of instable Ca,Na,K,Mg elements are eroded faraway, but A1,Fe,Si element are maintained to form slight red weather crust on column as umbrella , prevent forest pillars from rainfall. Diminish ratio of water and soil erosion. It is in favor of column stability.On basic of researching on formation conditions and cause analysis above, also researching on their natural life cycle of evolution. The formation of geological landscape of forest pillars shape, especially the colorful sand forest, the earthy forest and the gypsum forest can be divided into three stages:Number one: semi-consolidated sediments formed in lacustrine and delta condition. Number two: regional uplift movement of the earth' crust made the area an erosion platform;Number three: following joints and cracks, surface water gullied the platform; cut deeply and enlarged gullies, turned the area into landform of all kinds of forest pillars shape .In addition, during number three phrases, according to geomorphology cycle law of Dawis, The formation of landscape can be divided into three development stages too:Young stage: sprout of columnMature stage: pole and forest pillars formattedSenescence stage: the forest and pillars starts to collapse and gradually disappears.But there are differences in term of evolution time and evolution velocity.Landscape shape is also reflection outside for geological feature of the geological landscape of forest pillar form in Mid-Yunnan, The outcome of Researching indicate that among themthere are different and common feature in aspects of type,shape,artistic conception,bedding, etc.On basis of understanding geological and scenic feature, contrast researching is made among them and other forest pillars. Firstly, contrast researching with forest pillars abroad is made, after whole contrast, contrast each other are also made. Such as karst stone forest and karst peak forest, earthy forest and Danxia geomorphology; Stone forest and quartz sand peak, etc. the outcome of contrast direct that the geology feature of the Stone Forest is very typical and standard in the world, is characterized by sword-like karst, its scale,height,artistic conception all provide good condition for tourism. The enrich color of Sand Forest is very rare in the world. Earthy forest and Danxia geomorphology have common traits and also have differences.The whole area of YuanMou earthy forest is bigger more than 50km, having especial artistic conception. The colorful gypsum forest has its special traits, similar scenery is not be found in other region, but its area is too small, easily substituted by other similar landscape, is difficult to be well known in the world. After whole analysis on geological properties, landscape feature and contrast researching. The tourism values of the geological landscape of forest pillars forms become clearer gradually. The factors that affect tourism values have lots of traits, such as comprehensive attribute, difference attribute, natural basis attribute, man-made attribute, dynamics attribute, scientific attribute, enjoyable attribute, historic culture attribute, economics attribute, etc . in order to avoid researching on all factors that affect tourism value, choose several important factors, they are scientific value, enjoyable value and economic value. These factors mostly belong to itself attribute, evaluate these values with quantity method and defined method, finally indicate that these geology landscape of forest pillars form have very high geological science value, enjoyable value and economic value, especially the Stone-Forest, the colorful sand forest and the earthy forest.Choosing the method of feature factors to evaluate view value of geological landscape of forest pillars shape. Eight factors are chosen as evaluation indexes including height of column, area of forest pillars (size degree), sorts of column shape, stability properties of column, speoial degree, beauty degree, cooperation setting of landscape, characteristic significance of geology. Each factor account for different weight in the index system of evaluation. The experts give score between 0 and 10 of each factor to each geological landscape of forest pillar. Then multiply weight by score to gain total score. The outcome of calculation show that The Stone forest is excellent, the sand forest, the earthy forest and the gypsum forest are all good, at the same time, according to data of tourism economics, the paper evaluate their tourism economics value, the outcome of evaluation show properties of tourism value are dynamic and varied.In addition, on the basis of the evaluation standard of nationaltourism resources, the paper evaluates that comprehensively their tourismvalue. The conclusion is in line with the outcome of feature factors method.The Stone forest is still on the top of list.Finally, in order to embody tourism values more effectively, the paper put forward the following tactics and measures: Construct Geopark, transfer scientific knowledge to serve for tourism, organize routes of geology tourism, tourism configuration and cooperation, protect environment of geology landscape correctly. Press on Geopark is a very well way combined protection of geology heritage with tourism exploitation; The Stone Forest should construct scientifically world Geopark, The Sand Forest and the Earthy Forest apply for national Geopark enthusiastically; understand significance, influent factors, contents, channel, methods of transferring scientific knowledge to serve for tourism, in order to make tourist enjoyable. Organize route of geology tourism including the geological landscape of forest pillars, remains of YunMou man, dinosaur base in LuFeng, paleontology fossils group in Chenjiang; viewing the geological landscape of forest pillars should be combined with tour of ethnic characters, peculiar tour of sand sculpture culture and tour of historic culture; adopt measures of maintaining water and soil, protecting roots and cliff, draining flow, filling cranny and painting pellicle, Paying more attention to avoid much more man-made, controlling amount of tourism reasonably , practicing rules of protection of key core, exploiting resources appropriately.
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