| Research purpose:In this paper,the original appearance and meaning of the seven prescriptions’ text of Zhongjing Mai(Houpu Mahuang decoction,Ganmai Dazao decoction,Baizhu powder,Xiaoshi Fangshi powder,Zhishi Shaoyao powder,Fuling Zexie decoction,Baihe washing decoction)in Synopsis of the Golden Chamber were investigated.On this basis,the medicinal efficacy,drug compatibility,dosage and other rules of Mai Qifangmai were analyzed,and the application experience of Zhongjingzhi Mai was excavated.Research method:Chapter Ⅰ conducts textual research on the original meaning of the provisions of the Mai Seven Prescriptions.The specific methods include:①Version collation:Deng Zhen’s version was taken as the base version,with the emphasis on Wu Qian’s version,and Zhao Kaimei’s version,Yu Qiao’s version and Xu Rong’s version were also referred to.As for the big differences,the textual research was carried out on the basis of the reference to Mai Jing(Pulse Classic)and Xiaopin Fang(Sketch Prescriptions),etc.,so as to restore the original appearance of the provisions to the greatest extent.②Word meaning research:With the help of the literature materials of the pre-Qin and Han dynasties,this paper explains the difficult words and words in the seven mai prescriptions of Zhongjing,and tries to return to the original meaning of Zhongjing.③Identification and analysis of difficult issues:the interpretation of Zhongjing’s original text by later doctors was collected and analyzed,and the original text was interpreted according to the results of word meaning research,and Zhongjing’s understanding of the disease,the diagnosis and treatment ideas,the efficacy of prescription interpretation,and the connotation of compatibility were analyzed.Chapter Ⅱ discusses Zhong Jing’s application of Mai from the perspective of inheritance and development.The specific methods include:①Literature research:The medical literature and non-medical books of pre-Qin and Han dynasties were searched to summarize the understanding of biological characteristics and medicinal functions of Mai before and during Zhongjing period.②Theoretical discussion:combined with people’s understanding of Mai up to the time of Zhongjing,this paper analyzes the understanding and development of the medicinal function of Mai and explores the experience of Zhongjing’s application of Mai.Research results:Chapter Ⅰ research achievements mainly include:①The original text of Houpu Mahuang decoction should be based on Wu Qian’s original,as "For those with abnormal rising of qi and floating pulse,Houpu Mahuang decoction is the mainstay".The prescription-syndrome is that qi inverse and Li drink to reduce heat,the whole prescription reduces qi inverse and drinks to clear heat,and wheat plays a role in nourishment and nourishment of heart qi.Shangqi belongs to lung disease,and the heart and lung are closely related in physiology,and lung disease is bound to involve the heart.The application of wheat is the embodiment of Zhong Jing’s thought of preventing disease.②The original text of Ganmai Dazao decoction should be based on Wu Qian’s original,Zang Zao means dry five zang organs.The prescription-syndrome is that deficiency of blood in five zang organs and blood,but the syndrome of heart disease is the most prominent.The whole prescription replenishs the heart and nourishblood,and wheat in the prescription nourish the heart and qi.③The original version of Baizhu powder should be based on Wu Qian’s version,without the word "zhu zhi".The prescription-syndrome is that the fetus is restless with cold dampness,and the whole prescription is warming Yang and removing dampness,invigorating the spleen and stabilizing the fetus.The wheat juice mentioned in the later "if you vomit,take it with vinegar paste water and don’t understand it,take it with wheat juice" is the juice obtained by boiling the wheat,and the wheat is to relieve urine;After the addition and subtraction of "after the thirsty,the barley porridge to serve",the barley porridge has the function of warming and nourishing the body fluid.④There may be some lost in the later notes of Xiaoshi Fanshi powder,lacking the content of "making perspiration".The prescription-syndrome is mainly characterized by the interaction of blood stasis and heat,and the deficiency of spleen and kidney,as well as dampness and surface cold.The whole prescription removes blood stasis,cleans heat and dampness,invigorates the kidney,nourishes the spleen and stomach,and solves the surface.The barley porridge juice in the prescription preserves the spleen and stomach,generates body fluid,and helps sweat and solves the surface.⑤Zhishi Shaoyao powder "treating carbuncle pus and Xia Zhi with Mai porridge" "Mai porridge" here should refer to wheat porridge,"Xia Zhi" here should refer to wheat porridge,so " Yi Mai porridge Xia Zhi" should mean "taking Zhishi Shaoyao Powder with wheat porridge.Zhishi Shaoyao powder in the treatment of late carbunction and pus,at this time the pus has become water,qi has been deficient,Zhishi Shaoyao powder and wheat porridge dissipate blood stasis and water,strengthen the body and dispel pathogens,which wheat porridge fill deficiency,diuretics.⑥There are seven ingredients of Fuling Zexie decoction,including Poria,Rhizoma alismatis,liquorice,cinnamomi twig,white atractylodes rhizome,ginger and wheat.The wheat is decocted first,and Rhizoma alismatis is decocted with all the herbs.The prescriptionsyndrome is that the stomach is deficient and water is stopped,and the body fluid is injured.The whole prescription is to remove water,invigorate the spleen,and promote body fluid production.The wheat in the prescription nourishes the spleen and stomach,and nourishes body fluid.⑦After Baihe washing decoction,the "boiled cake" is made of wheat flour,namely hot and cold noodles,noodles,chess pieces,etc.;"Salt tempeh",namely salty tempeh,was a condiment at that time.The prescription-syndrome is that the evil heat damage body,the whole formula to remove heat to produce body,eating cake(wheat as raw material)for the method of the aftereffect,wheat removes heat to produce fluid.Chapter Ⅱ research achievements mainly include:①Up to the Zhongjing period,people’s understanding of the efficacy of wheat included:nourishing the liver qi,nourishing the heart qi,and making the body strong and healthy.People’s understanding of the efficacy of barley includes:treating diabetes,regulating,and making people strong and healthy.②Zhongjing inherited the understanding of the predecessors and people at that time on the property and taste function of Mai,and on this basis developed the medicinal function of Mai,which can be summarized as the property and taste of wheat is sweet and cold,and it has the functions of promoting body fluid,nourishing the heart,nourishing the spleen and stomach,and promoting urination.Barley is sour and warm,and has the function of nourishing body and spleen and stomach.③There are many medicinal forms of wheat,including wheat porridge,wort,wheat porridge juice,etc.When Mai appears in the form of wheat porridge,its nourishing effect is more obvious and its medicinal potential is slower.Conclusion and significance:①By collating the original text of Mai seven prescriptions,the original appearance of Zhong Jing’s original text was clarified.Analyze the difficult words in the original text of Mai seven prescriptions and restore the meaning of the original text of Zhong Jing.Some opinions are obtained which are different from the existing understanding.These opinions are based on reliable textual research methods and substantial literature data,so the regression of Zhong Jing’s meaning can be realized to a certain extent.②Zhongjing,based on the merit of wheat for "nourishing the heart and diuresis,and nourishing the stomach and body fluid",used the nourishing the heart qi of wheat to treat zang dryness and upper qi.By using the nourishing the stomach and body fluid of wheat to treat gastric reflux and lily lesions.By using the diuresis of wheat to treat pregnancy and carbuncle abscess.By using the nourishing the stomach and body fluid of barley to treat pregnancy thirst syndrome and female jaundice syndrome.Zhong Jing used Mai porridge to treat the disease of deficiency and slow down the drug.The summary of the experience of using Mai in Zhongjing improved the medicinal value of Mai and was beneficial to the modern clinical application. |
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