| Objective: Suicide is one of the main causes of death.This study describes and analyzes the trend of suicide mortality and premature death life loss among urban and rural residents in Liaoning Province from 2004 to 2020,so as to providing scientific basis for better prevention and control of suicide.Methods: Firstly,suicide death data of Liaoning Province from 2004 to 2020 were collected from urban and rural monitoring points of Liaoning Vital Statistics Monitoring System,and corresponding demography data were obtained from local public security departments.Secondly,calculated 1.Suicide mortality rate: crude rate,standardized mortality rate,and specific suicide mortality rate for different genders,regions,ages,and methods.2.Early death life loss: The total years of life loss(YLL),the YLL rate per thousand people in the population(YLL rate),and the average years of life loss per person(AYLL).Thirdly,constructed a Joinpoint regression model to analyze the trend of changes in mortality and life loss,with years as independent variables.,then used the annual percentage change(APC)and average annual percentage change(AAPC)obtained to describe the trend changes of the analyzed dependent variables.Results: 1.The standardized suicide mortality rate in Liaoning Province has decreased from 7.74/100000 in 2004 to 5.46/100000 in 2020,with an average annual decrease of 2.16%(P < 0.05).Among them,from 2004 to 2007,the decline was rapid,with an annual decrease of 12.44%(P < 0.05).From 2007 to 2017,the decline rate slowed down,with an annual decrease of 1.62%(P < 0.05).From 2017 to 2020,it turned to an upward trend,with an annual increase of 7.35%(P < 0.05);Between 2004 and 2020,the annual suicide mortality rate in males was higher than that in females;The suicide mortality rate increases with age,with the highest in the group over 80 years old,reaching 19.57/100000 in 2020.2.The standardized suicide mortality rate in urban areas has increased from 4.84/100000 in 2004 to 5.26/100000 in 2020,with an average annual increase of 0.53%(P > 0.05);The suicide mortality rate in the 60-79 age group increased from 7.45/100000 in 2004 to 15.60/100000 in 2020,with an annual increase of 3.90%(P < 0.05).The standardized suicide mortality rate in rural areas decreased from 14.73/100000 in 2004 to 6.33/100000 in 2020,with an average annual decrease of 5.15%(P < 0.05),and the decrease was significant from 2004 to 2011(P < 0.05).From 2004 to 2020,the annual suicide mortality rate in rural areas was higher than that in urban areas,and the gap between the two gradually narrowed.3.The top three suicide methods in terms of composition were self-hanging,taking medication,and jumping from a height.The standardized mortality rate of self-hanging decreased from 2.30/100000 in 2004 to 1.85/100000 in 2020.The standardized mortality rate of taking medication for suicide decreased from 1.45/100000 in 2004 to 1.11/100000 in 2020,with an annual decrease of 5.24% from 2006 to 2020(P < 0.05).The standardized mortality rate of suicide caused by jumping from high places increased from 0.68/100000 in 2004 to 1.83/100000 in 2020,with an average annual increase of 6.31%(P < 0.05).Suicide by taking medication is more common in rural areas,and suicide by jumping from heights is more common in cities;The main forms of suicide among people aged 60 to 79 in urban areas are medication and self-hanging.Although suicide by drowning accounts for a relatively small proportion of deaths,its suicide mortality rate is on the rise.4.In 2004,the overall YLL rate was 2.68 ‰,with AYLL being 32.82 years per person.In 2020,the YLL rate was 1.79 ‰,with AYLL being 26.68 years per person.The overall YLL rate has decreased by 2.44% annually(P < 0.05),while AYLL has decreased by 1.25% annually(P < 0.05).The AYLL caused by self-hanging death was the smallest among all suicide methods.Conclusion: 1.The overall suicide mortality rate in Liaoning Province showed a downward trend from 2004 to 2020,with a significant decrease from 2004 to 2017 and an upward trend from 2017 to 2020;The suicide level of males was higher than that of females,and that of rural areas was higher than that of cities,with the urban-rural gap gradually narrowing;The main body of the decrease in suicide mortality rate was the population in rural areas,while the main body of the increase was the population aged 60 to 79 in urban areas.2.The mortality rate of suicide by taking medication was decreasing,while the mortality rate of suicide by jumping from a high place was increasing;Suicide by taking medication was more common in rural areas,and suicide by jumping from heights was more common in cities;The main forms of suicide among people aged 60 to 79 in urban areas were medication and self-hanging.Although suicide by drowning accounted for a relatively small proportion of deaths,its suicide mortality rate was on the rise.3.The trend of YLL rate and corresponding suicide mortality rate was synchronous,and the overall trend was decreasing.The overall trend of AYLL was decreasing and female AYLL was higher than male AYLL,indicating that the overall age of suicide deaths is on the rise,and males who commit suicide were older than females who commit suicide;The AYLL caused by self-hanging death was the smallest among all suicide methods,indicating that its suicide population was older than other suicide methods. |
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