| Feline infectious peritonitis(FIP)is a multisystem vasculitic disease caused by feline infectious peritonitis virus(FIPV),which is characterized by rapid onset,high fatality rate,and easy recurrence.It mostly occurs in cats under 3 years old.Clinical features include loss of appetite,lethargy,vomiting,abdominal enlargement,jaundice,uveitis,and some cats will show neurological symptoms.In recent years,with the increasing number of domestic pet cats in Jinan,the number of FIP cases received by pet hospitals has also increased,but the occurrence,epidemic and diagnosis,treatment of FIP in Jinan are still unclear.Therefore,this study took FIP cats in Jinan,Shandong Province as the research object,and carried out statistical analysis on the basic information,clinical symptoms,diagnosis and treatment plans of the cats,so as to provide effective plans for the diagnosis,treatment and prevention of the disease.A survey of the incidence and diagnosis and treatment process of FIP cases admitted to15 pet hospitals in Jinan,Shandong Province between August 2021 and July 2022 was conducted.A total of 2,001 suspected cases of FIP were collected,of which 406 were confirmed,and the incidence rate was 20.29%.The investigation included the background of FIP cases(age,breed,gender,month of onset and stress),symptoms,Serum Amyloid Protein A(SAA),blood routine,biochemistry,imaging changes and treatment,etc.SAA,blood routine,biochemical detection,ultrasound imaging technology and DR Imaging technology were used for differential diagnosis,reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)was used for diagnosis,finally,the incidence rule,characteristics and effective treatment plan of FIP were obtained through systematic analysis.Two typical cases were selected from the confirmed cases to further summarize and analyze the pathogenesis of feline infectious peritonitis and the effectiveness of diagnosis and treatment.The survey results showed that FIP occurred most frequently in February,August and September,and the most prone breeds were British shorthair,Chinese pastoral cats and Ragdoll cats.Male cats without sterilization were prone to FIP,which occurred in all age groups,among which the incidence of FIP was the highest in cats under 3 years old,accounting for 91.63%.At the same time,stress was the main inducer of the disease,and70.20% of FIPV positive cats had stressors stimulation.In cats,the main clinical symptoms are loss of appetite,lethargy,enlargement of abdominal circumference and emaciation.And other high incidence symptoms include vomiting,jaundice,dehydration and diarrhea.SAA test results showed that 79.77% of the cats had significant inflammation.Biochemical test results showed that 80.45% of the cats had albumin to globulin ratio(white sphere ratio)in the range of 0.4-0.6,and 16.20% of the cats had white sphere ratio less than 0.4,and only3.35% of the cats had white sphere ratio greater than 0.6.Meanwhile,other abnormal biochemical indicators mainly showed increased globulin,creatinine and alanine aminotransferase.The blood routine test results showed that 48.07% of the white blood cells in cats were increased,50.13% of the patients had an increase in the number of lymphocytes,24.94% of the patients had a decrease in the number of red blood cells,and 22.62% of the patients had a decrease in hemoglobin.B-ultrasound imaging results showed that 71.07% of the cats showed abdominal effusion,25.16% showed lymph node enlargement,and the other frequent abnormalities were kidney medullary ring sign and pleural effusion.The treatment of FIP can be divided into general symptomatic treatment and general symptomatic treatment combined with injection of specific drugs(GS-441524).The results of different treatment schemes showed that the 128 cats treated only with general drug survived no longer than 5months,with no cure rate.But 217 cats were treated with general drug combined with injection of GS-441524,and the total cure rate was 83.41%,The cure rate was 54.29% in cats injected for less than one month,79.41% in cats injected for 1 to 2 months and 93.22 %for those 2 to 3 months.The cure rate was 96.36% for cats who were given the injection longer than 3 months,with medication discontinued according to symptoms and laboratory results.It was found that the injection of GS-441524 was effective in curing feline infectious peritonitis,and the injection duration should be longer than 3 months.Through the analysis of two typical FIP cases,it was found that the affected cats showed different degrees of fever,loss of appetite,weight loss,dehydration and other symptoms.Laboratory tests mainly showed obvious inflammation of serum SAA and white bulb ratio lower than 0.6.Imaging examination showed ascites,pleural fluid,kidney medullary ring sign,lymph node enlargement.According to the condition of the affected cat,the treatment plan of antibacterial and anti-inflammatory,nutritional support and injection of specific drug GS-441524 was carried out,and the prognosis of the cases was tracked,all of which obtained good therapeutic effect without recurrence.This study showed that the incidence of FIP in Jinan area,Shandong Province reached20.29%,and the incidence was closely related to breed,gender and stress,the susceptible age was 1-3 years old,the high incidence breed was British short-haired cat,and the highest incidence months were February,August and September.It is clear that the clinical symptoms of FIP are mainly loss of appetite,lack of energy,abdominal circumference,emaciation,vomiting,and FIP often causes significant increase in SAA,biochemical albumin to globulin ratio is less than 0.6,the total number of white blood cells and lymphocytes in blood routine is increased,and the high-incidence image of FIP cat B ultrasound detection is characterized by abdominal effusion,lymphadenopathy and renal medullary ring sign.Clinically,the combination of symptomatic treatment combined with continuous injection of the specific drug GS-441524(more than 3 months)can effectively improve the cure rate of FIP. |
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