The Current Situation Of Supply And Demand Of Primary Ear And Hearing Health Services In A Certain Area

Objectives :Primary ear and hearing care refers to the combination of prevention of ear and hearing problems,early screening and identification,diagnosis and rehabilitation,and other health care methods.The ear and hearing care are focused on the community’s preventive health care services.This survey takes subjective tinnitus as the entry point.According to the actual prevalence of subjective tinnitus,it analyzes the supply and demand status and existing problems of community primary ear and hearing health services,in order to further improve the community residents’ attention to subjective tinnitus and improve Community health services provide primary ear and hearing care services that provide targeted advice to meet the needs of community residents for primary ear and hearing care services.Method:1.Questionnaire investigation: This study used a convenient sampling method to select community residents aged 18-65 years old at the physical examination center of Anji County People’s Hospital as a survey object,and questionnaires were given to residents by professionally trained personnel.In the survey,1000 questionnaires were distributed,and 964 questionnaires with quality qualifications were finally returned.The effective recovery rate of the questionnaire was 96.4%.The survey used a combination of questionnaires and interviews.The self-made questionnaires included general basic information about residents,the prevalence and characteristics of subjective tinnitus,lifestyle behaviors,and subjective tinnitus patients’ needs for treatment.Interviews with agency leaders to understand the status of community ear and hearing health services.2.Mathematical statistics analysis: using Epidata 3.1 software to double-retrieve the recovered data,using SPSS20.0 statistical software for statistical analysis of the data,using the reliability of the Cronbach’α test questionnaire,principal component analysis to test the reliability of the questionnaire,by subjective analysis of the prevalence of subjective tinnitus,subjective tinnitus health awareness,through regression analysis to explore the relationship between subjective tinnitus and life behaviors and psychological factors,the relationship between medical needs and health perception.Statistical methods used include descriptive analysis,chi-square test,t-test and regression analysis.Results:1.Among the 964 residents surveyed in Anji County,512 were males,accounting for 53.1%,and 452 were females,accounting for 46.9%.The average age of the respondents was 40.53±14.676;the anxiety of the residents’ anxiety self-rating scale was Divided into 33.36±8.330,the detection rate of anxiety was 16.7%,which was slightly lower than the domestic norm.Among them,323 people had self-reported symptoms of subjective tinnitus,and the prevalence of subjective tinnitus was 33.5%.2.Logistic regression analysis showed that age,gender,dose,frequency of earphone use,volume of audio equipment,working pressure,working environment noise and slight anxiety were the influencing factors of subjective tinnitus.Adequate sleep quality was the protective factor of subjective tinnitus.3.The demand side survey shows:(1)Reliability and validity analysis: The Cronbach’αcoefficient of the health cognitive questionnaire is 0.836,the reliability of the questionnaire is good,and the KMO value of the factor analysis is 0.855.;(2)among the 323 subjective tinnitus patients,the top three are the earliest health education(62.2%),hearing screening(56.7%),and ear examination(48.3%);(3)85.4% of patients with subjective tinnitus had a need for medical treatment,89.5% of the patients preferred to the health service institutions at the county level or above,and the health awareness scores of the medical treatment group were significantly higher than the rejection group.Statistically significant;(4)In the health cognitive questionnaire,the two dimensions of perceived susceptibility and impairment are the influencing factors of the demand for medical treatment.4.The supply of community health services,the interview results show that the five community health service institutions have not set up the ENT separately.The diagnosis and treatment of ear diseases is mainly undertaken by the general practitioner.The diagnosis and treatment content is only mild ear disease and ear trauma.Treatment;ear and hearing equipment aging phenomenon is serious,there is a phenomenon that medical staff will not use;community professional preventive health service personnel have not carried out primary ear and hearing health services,the upper health department has notdeveloped professional health technical specifications,health care methods And the implementation of relevant health policies;in health education,the community will only conduct a free consultation or publicity campaign on the ear of the ear.Conclusion:The prevalence of subjective tinnitus in residents is high,and the prevalence of young people can not be ignored.Poor lifestyle behavior and anxiety are important factors influencing subjective tinnitus;the demand for patients with subjective tinnitus in residents higher,the overall health perception of subjective tinnitus is better,health cognition affects the patient’s medical needs;the community’s ear and hearing health service capacity is obviously insufficient,and the residents’ ear and hearing health service needs are not within the grassroots level.To meet the requirements,China’s ear and hearing medical and health services are mainly undertaken by medical institutions at or above the county level,and the primary ear and hearing prevention health care service system has not yet been established.In order to prevent and reduce the appearance of subjective tinnitus,residents should change bad behaviors in time;ease the contradiction between supply and demand of grassroots ear and hearing health services,and improve the level of primary ear and hearing health services in the community.The health management department should set up a full-time organization to clarify job responsibilities.Develop and implement primary ear and hearing-related health policies,establish a bottom-up ear and hearing prevention health care service system based on general practitioners,improve residents’ attention to ear and hearing.