| Objective:In this study,134 patients with asymmetric hearing loss(AHL)are research objects.To understand the condition of tinnitus occurrence and severity by questionnaire survey.Combining the hearing characteristics and general condition of patients,to understand the local and general factors related to tinnitus occurrence and tinnitus severity in patients with AHL.Methods:1.Research objectsChose 134 patients with AHL who visited Deafness Tinnitus Vertigo Specialty Clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University during December 2018 to January 2020,among whom there were 61 males and 73 females.The age range was between 5 and 87,and the average age was 56.39±14.5.2.Research methodsAt first,all patients went through otoscopy to understand the condition of external auditory canal and tympanic membrane.Then went through pure tone audiometry(PTA)and acoustic immittance measurement(AIM)to obtain the evidence of AHL.All patients completed the basic information questionnaires to understand patients’gender,age and if they had been diagnosed definitely or had been having following problems continually:hypertension,hyperlipidemia,diabetes,nephropathy,thyroid diseases,migraine,rhinosinusitis,anxiety,depression,snore/suffocation,acid reflux,menopause,stay up and insomnia,obtained local and general condition of aforementioned 16 items.Asked if they combined with tinnitus,understood tinnitus characteristics and tinnitus severity with Tinnitus Evaluation Questionnaire(TEQ).3.Statistical analysisAll the data was statistically analyzed by SPSS 17.0.Analyzed the consistency of hearing loss sides and tinnitus sides by chi-square test.Analyzed impacts of tinnitus severity on patients’daily life by variance analysis.Analyzed the relationship between tinnitus severity and the severity of hearing loss and age by Spearman correlation analysis.Analyzed the correlation between tinnitus severity and the type of hearing loss and 15local/general factors including hypertension by Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test.All the results above were considered statistically significant by P<0.05.Results:1.Of the 134 patients,87(64.93%)patients combined with tinnitus.Among whom there were 73(83.91%)single-sided tinnitus patients and 14(16.09%)double-sided patients(9 with bilateral inconsistency of tinnitus severity and 5 with bilateral consistency of tinnitus severity).According to the course of disease:there were 16 (18.39%)acute tinnitus(<3 months)patients,8(9.20%)subacute tinnitus(3～12 months)patients and 63(72.41%)chronic tinnitus(>12 months)patients.2.Consistency between hearing loss sides and tinnitus sides:by statistical analysis, hearing loss sides and tinnitus sides are two unordered categorical variables and two qualitative variables,could be analyzed by chi-square test.The proportion of patients whose hearing loss sides were consistent with tinnitus sides was 89.66%,after testing analysis the result showed X~2=30.897,P=0.000,tinnitus sides had significant positive correlation with hearing loss sides.3.Impacts of tinnitus severity on patients’daily life:by statistical analysis,tinnitus severity and tinnitus impacts on patients’daily life obeyed normal distribution among groups,and met homogeneity of variance,could be analyzed by variance analysis. After testing analysis of impacts of tinnitus severity on patients’daily life,the result showed F=3.422,P=0.012,tinnitus severity had significant positive correlation with tinnitus impacts on patients’daily life.4.Correlation between tinnitus severity and the severity of hearing loss,the type of hearing loss and 16 local/general factors including hypertension:by statistical analysis,tinnitus severity,the severity of hearing loss and age are rank variables,as well as the severity of hearing loss and age did not obey normal distribution,so the correlation between tinnitus severity and the two could be analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis,after testing analysis the result showed tinnitus severity had no correlation with the severity of hearing loss and age.Tinnitus severity is rank variable, the type of hearing loss and local/general factors including hypertension and gender did not obey normal distribution,so the correlation between tinnitus severity and them could be analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test,the result showed tha insomnia had correlation with tinnitus severity,while the type of hearing loss and local/general factors including hypertension and gender had no correlation with tinnitus severity.Conclusion:1.The majority of AHL patients combine with tinnitus.2.There is high consistency between tinnitus sides and hearing loss sides.3.Severe tinnitus has negative impacts on patients’daily life,that means,the more severe the tinnitus is,the more patients’daily life is influenced.4.Insomnia has correlation with tinnitus severity,while the type of hearing loss,the severity of hearing loss,local/general factors including gender,age,hypertension, diabetes,snore/suffocation,anxiety,depression have no correlation with tinnitus severity. |
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