The Analysis Of Calcaneus Bone Density Of 658 Middle- Aged And Elderly Women In Dehui City, Jilin Province

Objective:To measure calcaneal bone density(CBD) of 658 healthy middle- aged and elderly women in Dehui City, Jilin Province, identify its relationship with age, menopause, body mass index(BMI), smoking, drinking, waist circumference and blood biochemical, and provide scientific basis for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.Methods:658 healthy middle-aged and elderly women(45-74 years) were selected randomly from permanent residents in 2 districts, 2 town or townships and 6 villages within Dehui City,Jilin Province. The investigation methods included questionnaire and physical examination.General information, smoking, drinking, diet, medical history and medication history of the subjects were included in the questionnaire, and height, weight, waist circumference, blood biochemical tests and calcaneus bone density measurement were included in the questionnaire. Ultrasound bone densitometry(QUS) was used to measure their calcaneus bone density(CBD). According to epidemiological survey data integrity and exclusion criteria, 658 subjects were statistically analyzed, and the data was processed by SPSS 21.0for statistical analysis. To analyze the relationship between the various factors and bone mineral density, one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA) was used to analyze the variance among different groups, LSD-t was used to analyze the variance between two groups, and t-test was used in multivariate analysis.Results:The overall prevalence of OP was 10.2%, the ratio of osteopenia was 54.71%, and the ratio of normal bone was 35.11%. The prevalence of OP was 3.8%, 11.1% and 28.4% in45~54 、 55~64 and 65~74 years old, respectively. With increasing age, decreased bone density and significantly increased prevalence of OP were seen, especially in the 65-74year-old group with significant difference(P<0.01).(2) The OP prevalence rates of premenopausal group, perimenopausal group, menopausal group were 3.2%, 3.8%, 16.6%.The prevalence of OP in women after menopause increased and decreased bone density significantly, there were significant differences(P<0.01) when compared with perimenopausal group and premenopausal group.(3) The prevalence of osteopenia and OP in underweight women over 45 years was much higher. The prevalence of OP in underweight group, normal weight group, overweight group and obese group OP prevalence was 10.5%, 9.5%, 10.6%, 13.4%, respectively. BMD in the overweight group and obese group was higher than the low weight group and the normal weight group, and the differences were statistically significant(P <0.05).(4) The prevalence of OP in Non-smoker group and the smoking group was 9.13%, 15.58%, respectively, with significant difference(P<0.01).(5) It was found that height and weight were positively associated with the prevalence of OP when the non-osteoporosis group and the osteoporosis group were analyzed.(6) Blood biochemical, including triglycerides, creatinine and calcium level, in different groups had significant differences(P<0.05). The risk of OP increased with higher triglyceride and creatinine levels. The lower the calcium ion concentration, the greater the risk of OP.Conclusions:(1) In the middle-old aged women, the total prevalence of OP and osteopenia is positively correlated with age, especially in people over the age of 55.(2) The prevalence of BMD and OP in middle-old aged women is associated with menstruation. Bone mass significantly goes down and the prevalence of OP goes up after menopause.(3) BMI was positively associated with BMD among middle-old aged women in a certain range, but the prevalence of OP increase in obesity. People with underweight can appropriately increased weight to maintain bone mass.(4) Smoking is an independent risk factor of OP.(5) The prevalence of OP is positively correlated with high blood triglycerides and high creatinine crowd OP risk increase.