| With the rapid development of living level in recent years, the prevalence of diabetes is increasing. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common cause of visual impairment and blindness in diabetics. The incidence of DR has an increasing trend recently. Early detection and treatment of DR can effectively prevent or delay vision loss in diabetics. Because high-risk patients may be asymptomatic, screening for diabetic retinopathy is recommended as an essential part of the management of diabetes. The prevalence of DR differs from regions or countries among the world. The collected screening data shows invalid in China, so a new screening is needed mostly.This survey intends to detect the prevalence of type 2 diabetes aged over 15 years old in six districts of Tian Jin. Collecting related information, we will confirmed the risk factors causing onset or development of diabetic retinopathy.21600 subjects were all residents of six districts in Tian Jin. Subjects with FPG >5.6mmol /L were recruited to further confirm and ocular examination. The survey was preceded by a pilot study to train medical practitioners, unify the procedures and diagnostic criteria for one week in May 2005. The identification for type 2 diabetes was based on the WHO definition in 1985. The diagnostic criteria for DR is the edition of Proposed International Clinical Diabetic Retinopathy Disease Severity Scale.The survey was conducted from June to July, 2005. The screening procedure as following: subjects with FPG>5.6mmol /L went to metabolic disease hospital toperform biochemical tests and ECQ and then to eye centre for ocular examination. The ocular examination included best corrected visual acuity, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, non-contact tonometry and also detailed flindus examination by both indirect ophthalmoscopy and contactlens biomicroscopy (with pupils dilated) conducted by a retinal specialist.A questionnaire was administered to patients after screening for retinopathy. The questionnaire contained demographic status, history of ocular diseases, history of administration, history of ocular trauma and surgery, awareness of DM and DR and so on.Of thel 107 subjects who responded to the survey, 650 had diabetes mellitus and 106 patients with DR. The overall prevalence of DR was 16.3%: 15.3% for males and 17.1% for females. Only 4(0.62%) patients presented with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.Using univariate analyses, our study demonstrated that no statistically significant association was observed between DR and sex, age, high dense lipoprotein, low dense lipoprotein, very low dense lipoprotein, serum cholesterol, triglycerides, FIB, proteinuria, changes of ECG and high myopia (x2=0.374, P=0.541;jf^l.063, P=0.9;t=1.85, 1.82, 0.28, 1.65, 0.98, 0.52> 1.59, P=0.065, 0.069, 0.783, 0.1, 0.327, 0.604, 0.115;^=0.269, P=0.604;x2=0.034, P=0.854). The prevalence of DR tended, however, to be high(9.2%) at diabetics lived in countryside (x2=4.464, P=0.035). The same tendency was found for long duration of diabetes and the 2 h postprandial levels: the prevalence of DR was 40% among patients with duration of diabetes over 10 years (.'ï¿¡=6539, P=0.000;t=3.34, P=0.001) . Mutivariate analyses revealed that duration of diabetes, intraocular surgeries and education degree were independent of risk factors (OR=0.989, 95%CI: 0.986-0.993, P=0.002;OR= 1.886, 95%CI: 1.143-3.113, P= 0.013;OR=1.167, 95%CI: 1.102-1.236, P=0.000) .In addition to screening for retinopathy, we obtained the awareness of DM and DR by the questionnaire. These items included the awareness of DM and DR, the ways of getting, intervals of visiting internist and ophthalmologist and so on. The results revealed that the awareness was poor and be treated lately.
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