| Objective:To describe a collection of basic epidemiolo-gical data for the diabetic retinopathy prevention and treatment in Luzhou City, Sichuan Province. Firstly, find out the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among the residents whose age above40years old (including40years old), and then acquire the patients’ related information through the physical examination and questionnaire, finally use the statistical analysis to investigate the associated elements of diabetic retinopathy.Methods:The main analysis was based on a multistage, stratified cluster random sampling study of8000permanent residents whose age above40years old, and cross-sectional epidemiological study on diabetes and diabetic retinopathy from May2011to December2011in Luzhou, Sichuan Province. Reference to the diagnostic criteria for diabetes recommended by WHO in1999,1374participants with diabetes were selected from the target population and tested with series of examinations, the examinations involved several items, including:①questionnaire: general data, course of diabetes, course of diabetic retinopathy, family history, personal history as alcohol consumption, educational level and so on;②Clinical examination:height, weight, waistline circumference, hip circumference, blood pressure, electrocardiogram, and the body mass index(BMI);③Lboratory tests:fasting plasma glucose(FPG),2-hours postprandial plasma glucose (2hPPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc), triglyceride(TG), total cholesterol(TC), high density lipoprotein cholest-erol(HDL-c), low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-c), liver function test, renal function and so on.④Ophthalmic examination:By measuring the visual acuity, pinhole mirror visual acuity, ophthalmoscopy, slit-lamp examination, free mydriatic fundus camera and fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA) to confirm the diagnosis of DR, diagnostic criteria with reference to the diagnosis standard set by Chinese Ocular Fundus Diseases Society, Chinese Ophthalmological Society, Chinese Medical Association in1984. Using the statistical software SPSS13.0statistical analysis of survey data. Results:7478persons completed the study, the overall response rate was93.48%.1374persons were diagnosed as diabetic patients, which took the proportion of18.37%of the selected population, while214DR patients were found with the DR prevalence of15.57%, occupying2.86%of the total, among the DR patients, the number of the male case is76, occupying the prevalence of2.43%, while the number of the female case is138, occupying3.17%. Analysis suggested that there was no significant correlation between male and female patients(P>0.05). Instead, significant difference was found in DR prevalence in all age groups(P<0.001), from70years old to79years old has the highest prevalence, taking up5.44%of the age groups. Of214patients,194patients were non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, making up90.65%of DR patients, while20patients were found to be proliferative diabetic retinopathy, constitute9.35%of all the diabetes patients. Among the214patients, increased with age, the prevalence of low vision and blindness tended to rise, and the main causes were retinopathy and cataract. Among the1374diabetic patients, the differences between the average HDL-c level of DR patients and the average HDL-c level of NDR patients, which was (1.26±0.32)mmol/1and (1.09±0.26) mmol/1respectively had statistical significance(P<0.05); the average HbAlC level of DR patients(8.67±1.78)%and the average HbAlC level of NDR patients(5.98±0.36)%as the same(P<0.001). Were statistically analyzed the relationship of duration of diabetes and diabetic patients with DR, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001), further accurate trend chi-square test, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). Multi-factor logistic regression analysis manifested that diabetic course, the level of HbAlc, HDL-c, high blood pressure and DR prevalence were correlated(P<0.05). Conclusion:The prevalence of DR is high in the diabetic residents in Luzhou, Sichuan Province. Diabetic course, the level of HbAlc, HDL-c, high blood pressure are the significant factors to influence the development of DR. The level of HbAlc and HDL-c can be used as crucial indexes of monitoring occurrence and development of DR among the diabetic patients. |
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