Study On The Ecological Security In The Typical Region Of The Horqin Sandy Land

The ecological security is currently the front duty and research area of geoscience , resource and environmental science, as well as ecology. The present natural ecological environment of our country ambushes no allowance to neglect crisis, such as the water resources is being short, the cultivated area reduces, the soil fertility drops, the lawn degenerates, soil erosion and desertification acceleration, etc, the ecological security problem is promoted for the important constituents of influencing the national security and the social stability.The Horqin sandy land is located in the east part of the farming-grazing zone of Northern China, the natural environment has the model the transitionaility and the vulnerability.whilist, the Horqin sandy land is currently one of the fastest desertification area of our country, as well as One of the main sand source areas of Beijing,Tianjin and Tangshan area. The radical change for the better and long-term stability of the sand ecological environment directly affect harmony and the stability of North China economy and society including the capital circle.Therefore, The appraisal of ecological security in Horqin sandy land not only has the higher academic value, also has the very strong practice significance. In view of the fact, this paper taking the Kezuohou banner as the case study and its desertification process in recent 20 years as research background, on the basis of fully recognizing the existing problem of study area, combing, GIS with GPS unify, the geography open country inspection with the on the spot test method, qualitative with the quantitative analysis, and using other statistical datas and literature material. According to the PSR concept frame model and the appraisal index selection principle, has formulated the ecological security appraisal index system and the evaluation criteria which can fully reflecting the ecological environment condition of research area in Horqin sandy land, we has conducted the system research to its ecological security actuality and its changing tendency in the recent 20years. The research discovered that:⑴At present, the main ecological environmental problem in Horqin sandy land are the seriousness of the land desertification, the lowness of the soil fertility, the lowness of the vegetation coverage rate, the reduction on biodiversity, and the high frequency of disasters and so on.⑵On the basis of the "the pressure - condition - response model" (the PSR model)presented in the United Nations sustainable development committee, banding the realistic situation of the society, the economy and the ecology, we established the ecological security appraisal index system suitable for northern china sandy land.This system altogether includes 8 targets, various targets weight from big to is small is Precipitation, lawn coverage rate, desert area ratio, organic matter, entire nitrogen, fast-acting phosphorus, forest coverage rate ,fast-acting potassium.⑶The appraisal of Kezuohou banner ecological security in 2006 showed that the worsened level area is 1385.66Km2, the risk level area is 1738.88 Km2, the sensitive level area is 3812.21 Km2, safer level area reaches 2320.86 Km2, security level area is 2286.74 Km2, in the spatial distribution, the ecological security condition changes gradually for the better from northwest to the southeast, the worsened level concentrates on the northwest and north, the risk level distributes in the middle-north, the sensitive level distributes in the middle of the bannr, however, the safer and the security level mainly distributes in the southwest and south of the area.⑷The changes of ecological security condition on research area in recent 20 years indicated that, during the time ,ecological security changes have the tendency of "the most area is stable, the partial is for the better", the area for the better reach the total area 48.51%, various ranks spatial distribution has not had too much changes.⑸The main measurements to restore and reconstruct the ecological environment in Horqin sandy land include: To maintain ecological security through Strengthen the legislation and the law, enforce the science and technology research, raise the ecological security consciousness of the whole the people, guarantee the maintenance of the ecological security through increasing the fund investment, firmly execute country environment policy, establish and perfect the surveillance management system to maintain the ecological security and so on.