A Study On The Human Driving Mechanism Of Desertification In Horqin Sandy Land During The Recent 20 Years

Horqin sandy and its surrounding area is a typical sensitive area of environmental change ,It islocated in the northern agro-grazing ecotone in northern parts of our country.But compared to other deserts in China is speaking, Natural conditions is superiority. These is more of annual precipitation and Low temperatures.Because of human excess land reclamation, grazing and Incorrect policy orientation etc. makes this area is one of the most intense desertification of China's. nearly half a century from 50's to 90's of the twentieth century, Desertification bieten a serious expansion process of the development - further development. However, the beginning of the 21st century, Desertification has emerged a clear reversal,Several relevant studies have concluded that natural background is not the main reason, But human disturbance of he same period is enhancing,the grain for green project that background of western development was was most evident. on the basis of previous studies, this article is necessary to research factor of human activity of land desertification, at the same time, provide the basis for ecological restoration of sand and adaptation of human existence.This study selected one of the typical counties in the Horqin --- Setting Kezuohouqi Banner as an Example, Use 1989, 2000, 2007 LANDSAT-5 TM images of the study area, based on the data of Temperatures and precipitation, the population and socio-economic data in 1989-2007and by Participatory rural appraisal methods (PRA) collected the basic information of interviews with farmer and herdsman, using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System image processing software, the use of data and transfer matrix method, at the same time ,analysis of the status and dynamics of desertification Change, the change of desertification, the relationship between natural conditions change, comparative study of human driving forces causing the change of desertification From both qualitative and quantitative, further investigation with desertification change and driving force through analyzing proper human driving forces using Principal Components' Analysis, we can draw the following conclusions:1. analysis on spatiotemporal variety at land desertification of Kezuohouqi for nearly 20 yearsTime distribution pattern of the change of Sandy desertification: 1989 ~ 2007, The total area of severe desertification and Moderate desertification decrease by 225km2 and 3013 km2, proportion of desertification in total area of territory descend by 1.19% and 26.25%; the total area of Slightly Sandy desertification and undesertification increase by 1819 km2 and 1419 km2, proportion of Sandy desertification in total area of territory increase by 15.84% and 12.36%, Showing a clear reversal trend.Spatial distribution patterns of the change of Sandy desertification: Serious desertification areas mainly in the region of the north-west and south,Slightly Sandy desertification distributed Widely,almost throughout the whole region, in recent 20 years, mild decreased mainly in the eastern part,strongly reduced the relatively small region; Only scattered.2. Natural background of Kezuohouqi in recent 20 yearsin the years of 1980s, precipitation was more, temperature was low, windy days was relatively rarely. For the1990s compared to 1990s, precipitation was Lower, while the temperature was increased, Windy days in 1991 to 1995 reached the highest. A slight decline from 1996 to 2000, but no quantum leap. After 2000, precipitation continues to decrease, the temperature continues to rise, but windy days has significantly decreased.3. Analysis on human Driving Mechanism of korqinThe influence of human driving forces on land desertification Change is greater than natural factors such as weather and topography etc in 20 years. The main human driving forces are Total population, GDP per capita,Net ncome of farmers and herdsmen,Cultivated Area, Agricultural machinery power and national policy, etc. The role of national policies which are more prominent, The results show that the national polices play remarkable role in land desertification,they determine directly the way of land desertification Change.false policies will result in famelands spread blindly,cause grasslands to decrase and sand lands to increase;but right policy make land Sandy desertification has been reversed. Socio-economic,rural technology, and cultural quality of farmers is also remarkable, Under the traditional management, Lack of science and technology must result in the estrepement and denudation. Cultural quality and technological progress in rural areas, Farmers can break away from depending on enlarging fameland to acquire advantage ,the can rely on intensive cultivation to satisfy what then want,Moveover,only under the condition of the enhance farmers cultural quality can those nationl policies and laws about controling the amount of fameland and protection grassland be brought into effect successfully.4. Ecological restoration and reconstruction of korqin sandyTighten Publicity efforts and monitoring and management intensity, Control the rate of population growth, improving population quality,stop excessive and deforestation,effectively control livestock number, Strengthen infrastructure construction of the rural and pastoral areas ect.