Blood-bounded Relation And Geographical Relation:lineage Society Governance Under The Units Of Family,Sublineage,Lineage And Bao

President Xi Jinping pointed out that "what kind of governance system a country chooses is determined by the history of the country,the cultural tradition,the level of economic and social development,decided by the people of this country".State governance is not out of thin air,but has certain social basis.The foundation of society determines the direction of state governance.In China,the lineage,as a long-standing and influential phenomenon,is the foundation of China's state governance.Marx and Engels' classical theory argues that the establishment of a geographical state is accompanied by a disintegration of blood-bounded society.Affected by this viewpoint,the lineage,as blood-bounded group,has long been regarded as the "abandonment" in the process of modernization.And it is regarded to be out of history.This obscures the historical tradition and practical significance in the national governance.This thesis,taking a lineage as the object of study,adopts the view of state governance.It analyzes the internal structures of the lineage with the governance unity perspective and explore the governance of society under the precondition of "state inaction".This thesis answers three questions:firstly,how does the lineage society is governed;secondly,why is the blood-bounded lineage not replaced by the geographical state as predicted by Marx and but become the basis of state governance;thirdly,whether does it has the possibility to transfer from blood-bounded governance to geography-bounded governance and what are the preconditions?Based on these questions,this thesis argues that under situation of "state inaction",the governance of the lineage society is realized by different units,including the family,the room,the lineage and the security unit,and the different units bear different functions.In the lineage,the basic function of the family is to continue the family,to maintain their livelihood;the function of the room and the lineage are to provide protection,adjust the differentiation and disputes,make the family,room,lineage to compliment with each other,maintain the clan self-governance.The long-standing existence of the lineage results from its complementation to the state by satisfying the basic needs of personal survival,security,sociality and status through the functioning of different units.But the lineage governance is not the governance without the state.The families in the lineages the country's basic taxation units.So the state constructs a series of geographical units embedded in the lineage society.The governance of the lineage society is composed of the self-governance of the family,the room,and the lineage and administration of the state.But the self-governance of lineage society depends on blood-bounded relationship;and the state's administration of the lineage is based on the geographical administrative relations.Lineage provides protection to families and is easier to get recognition;the main function of the unit established by the state is to extract resources.These two has certain tension.The transformation of function is the key to transfer blood-bound governance to geographical governance.