Research On Inheritance Of Tacit Knowledge In Chinese Medicine

Knowledge is known as "the Bridges of human beings from folly to civilian",it is the results of the cognition and exploration to the objective world by human beings during the practice activities.In process of human cognition,people have early found the phenomenon that"book not to speak fully,words not to express fully","Only to be sensed,not explained".That is,outside the knowledge what we can clearly express,there is another kind of form of knowledge exist.But in the point of view of traditional cognition theory,this kind of knowledge was not in the true sense.Therefore,it was exiled by"the knowledge kingdom" for a long time.Until the middle of the 20th century,the famous British scholar Polanyi,M.proposed and constructed the tacit knowledge theory in the analysis the character of scientific knowledge,and points out that "We can know more than we canfell""All knowledge exists the tacit dimension".This theory was put forward as a challenge for the traditional theory of cognitive and the view of logical positivism knowledge,which also caused a fundamental change in the modern cognitive theory.In more than half a century since followed,tacit knowledge theory has been widely recognized and depth researched by international scientific community.Intentions is an important factor to constitute the knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine,tacit knowledge is the main form of traditional Chinese medicine.Polanyi’s theory of tacit knowledge is not only the subversion and reflection of the claim that the ideal of wholly explicit knowledge what western science emphasizes,as well as the guidance of cognitive theory to traditional Chinese medicine.Therefore,it has a very important theoretical and practical significance to discuss the transfer of traditional Chinese medicine tacit knowledge in mentoring and receiving mode from the perspective of tacit knowledge management.Scholars like reference the "iceberg model,proposed by Freud during the analysis of personality structure to analyze the human individual knowledge structure.Therefore,this model was also used to analyze the structure of the framework of individual knowledge in traditional Chinese medicine.This research propose "new iceberg model" and aim to restore to the first proponents Freud’s theory model "iceberg model".And combine Freud’s "iceberg theory"with the management of knowledge.The construction of "new iceberg model"can make the cognition of frame structure of the individual knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine clearer to us.After the analysis of the form cause of the tacit knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine,and start from the cognition of the traditional Chinese medicine doctor to the knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine,this research carry the new definition on tacit knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine,also arrange and analyze its characteristics.At the same time,based on the results of the analysis of individual tacit knowledge type of traditional Chinese medicine,and combined with the information form depth interviews with veteran traditional Chinese medicine in the traditional Chinese medicine domain,this research construct scientific the structure dimension of individual tacit knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine.In empirical research,the structure model has height tallies with opinion from surveyed expert"Mentoring" is the bridge to realize the effectively spread of tacit knowledge.View from the historical context of the development of mentoring,mentoring plays a very important role in the heritage and transfer for human knowledge(especially the traditional craft).In the process of the heritage and development for traditional Chinese medicine,mentoring is always the major mode for talent training and effective transfer of tacit knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine.Start from the view of factors theory,and combine with the mentoring and receiving mode and the model of tacit knowledge transfer of traditional Chinese medicine,this research analysis deeply on the influence factors of tacit knowledge transfer in traditional Chinese medicine mentoring.It found that totally contains 23 features in 6 factors have influence to the performance of heritage and transfer of the tacit knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine.To evaluate the influencing factors of importance,the results of the empirical found that such as the master’s inheritance will,mentoring relationship etc factors in the top ten.This research also empirical the influence factors about the transfer of tacit knowledge in traditional Chinese medicine under the model of mentoring from the view of "compound subjectivity,.First,eonstruct the theoretical model of the test and put forward the research hypothesis;Then,collect literature material fully and interview deeply with veteran traditional Chinese medicine,arrange test program for nine factors researched;and then,scientific identify the reliability and effectiveness of test tools through the prediction process.Finally,according to the stratified proportional sampling method extracting samples in higher universities and institutions of traditional Chinese medicine in Jiangsu,Shanghai,Zhejiang,Hunan,Hubei and Guangdong provinces for investigation.This research withdraws 238 effective questionnaires,using SPSS 19.0 and AMOS7.0 statistical and analyses the data.Empirical found that:(l)in mentoring and receiving mode,the influenced factors and effect of traditional Chinese medicine have significant correlation,and all correlation is positive correlation;(2)for the master,master’s personality charm has significant correlation with apprentice’s receive will;(3)for the apprentice,apprentice’s beliefs of traditional Chinese medicine has significant correlation with their learning attitude,level of understanding and receive will;(3)for the mentoring,mentoring has significant correlation with master’s inheritance will,apprentice’s receive will and learning attitude.Start from the theoretical framework of "elements theory" and "Composite subject theory",this research think the main strategy to improve transfer effect of traditional Chinese medicine has:(1)adhere to mentoring is a shortcut to hold the inherit of individual tacit knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine;(2)improve the organization environment,ascending master’s transfer will of the tacit knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine;(3)strengthen the mentoring relationship,enhance the effect of the transfer of tacit knowledge in traditional Chinese medicine.