Water Rights Allocation And Operation

With the social-economic development, the water shortage has appeared globally. It is important to find a sustainable water management method in China. The water rights system based on the water rights allocation and its operation has been proved to be an effective way for water resources management and rational utilization. Besides the long-term water rights allocation referring to the annual average water resources, the real-time operation is also indispensable in the water rights system.From the experience of the recent water rights reform in China, this study has analysized the characteristics and the elements of the water rights constitution in China, modeled the real-time water rights operation and its risk, and designed a water rights system for the semiarid or arid valley in China, with applying all the models in the Shiyang River Basin.On the long-term water rights allocation, analysized the suitability of the current water rights allocation cases in China, put forward an analysis framework for the water rights allocation, and improved a long-term water rights allocation model, with the mathematicization of the allocation principles.Base on the concept of real-time water rights operation, set up a framework for the real-time water rights management, involving the revised"more water more rights, less water less rights"and the traditional"more water more rights, less water less rights"rules; and established a real-time water allocation and operation model.The study also put forward a method to evaluate the risk in the water rights operation, and analysized the risk under the two operation rules.Applying the models in the Shiyang River Basin, Gansu province, China, under the two real-time operation rules, the result shows that, the operation risk is larger under the traditional rule of"more water more rights, less water less rights", and the risk is reduced by delivering the ecology water flexibly under the revised rule. The study will be improved by applying the models in a wet valley in the future.