Effects Of New Fertilizer Technology On Farmers’ Fertilizer Application And Production Benefit

Large amount of fertilizer application has played a very important role in promoting grain production in China.However,the high-intensity application of fertilizer not only brings problems such as higher production cost and waste of fertilizer resources,but also reduces farmers’ economic benefits by affecting the quality and yield of agricultural products,even affects the ecological environment and aggravates the degradation of cultivated land quality.Under this background,how to reduce fertilizer input by improving fertilizer and fertilization technology is particularly important.In recent years,the application of slow/controlled release fertilizer and formula fertilizer provides a choice to solve the above problems.It is not only academic value,but also practical significance to study the impact of farmers’ fertilizer application behavior and new fertilizer technology application on farmers’ fertilizer application reduction and production efficiency.Through theoretical and empirical analysis,this paper studies the impact of new fertilizer technology on fertilizer application reduction and production efficiency,and the demonstration effect of farmers’ new fertilizer application.Firstly,a theoretical analysis framework is set up to discuss whether the application of fertilizer will deviate,the impact of new fertilizer on farmers’ fertilizer application and production efficiency,and the decisionmaking mechanism for farmers to choose new fertilizer.Then,based on the micro data of farmers in Jiangsu,Sichuan and Jilin provinces in 2019,this paper makes an empirical test to explain the phenomenon of a large number of fertilizer application even "deviate from the optimal value" from the perspective of farmers’ new fertilizer selection,and estimates the impact of new fertilizer on Farmers’ fertilizer application and production efficiency.At the same time,from the perspective of demonstration effect among farmers,this paper discusses the decision-making mechanism for farmers to adopt new fertilizers.The paper finally draws following conclusions:(1)Compared with the assumption that farmers pursue the maximum profit of the optimal fertilizer application,there is a serious deviation in the situation of farmers in China.The optimal net amount of fertilizer used by corn farmers is 25.1kg/mu,the deviation degree is about 8.1kg/mu,the deviation rate is about32.3%;the optimal net amount of fertilizer used by rice farmers is 21.5kg/mu,the deviation degree is about 8.1kg/mu,the deviation rate is about 37.7%.After grouping according to new fertilizers application,no matter for corn or rice,the deviation degree of slow/ controlled release fertilizer application will be lower.For formula fertilizer,the deviation degree of corn formula fertilizer was lower and the deviation degree of rice formula fertilizer was slightly higher.(2)The application of slow/ controlled release fertilizer can significantly reduce fertilizer net amount and deviation,and increase the cost of fertilizer.Reduce the frequency of fertilization will not reduce farmers’ yield and income.Corn farmers reduce the frequency of fertilizer application will not reduce the yield and income of farmers.Rice farmers even increase the frequency of fertilizer application,significantly increase farmers’ yield and income.(3)The application of formula fertilizer has a negative effect on the deviation degree of fertilizer application,and it will increase the cost of fertilizer application.Corn farmers’ fertilizer application rate has no significant change,it can promote the yield to a certain extent.The cost of fertilizer and planting income will increase significantly.Rice farmers’ net amount of fertilizer is reduced significantly,the yield will decrease significantly,but it has no significant effect on the cost of fertilizer and planting income.Therefore,it is not unified to reduce the net amount of fertilizer application and improve yields,which needs further improvement.(4)In the application of slow/ controlled release fertilizer,both rice and corn showed significant demonstration effect of farmers in the same village.According to the scale,the demonstration effect also had a significant positive impact.However,in the application of formula fertilizer,the demonstration effect of the two crops was not significant.According to the conclusions above,this paper has following implications:(1)The government should strengthen the supervision of the new fertilizer industry.For the promotion of formula fertilizer,it should develop low-cost new fertilizer,or the government should appropriately increase the subsidy for farmers to buy new fertilizer,so as to increase the profit space of farmers.Guide and organize technical experts to carry out research on the use of new fertilizer in rural areas so as to promote the new fertilizer rapidly.(2)The onetime fertilization of slow/ controlled release fertilizer needs further improvement in nutrient release control.At the same time,the combination of one-time fertilization technology of slow/ controlled release fertilizer with new technologies such as seed and fertilizer sowing technology can also further reduce labor input and increase farmers’ income.