Research On The Influencing Factors And Compensation Of Farmers’ Homestead Exit In Jiangsu Province

With the deepening of reforms,the process of urbanization in my country has been accelerating,and the demand for land has been increasing,which has also put tremendous pressure on the protection of cultivated land.However,there is a phenomenon of idleness and waste in rural homesteads.Therefore,in order to better protect arable land and increase the amount of construction land,it is necessary to implement the policy of withdrawing homesteads in the rural areas of our country.This article first conducts field investigation,analyzes the status quo of farmer’s homestead in Jiangsu Province,finds out its existing problems,and analyzes successful cases in the province.Secondly,based on the voluntary principle of farmers,we investigate the willingness of farmers to withdraw from homesteads,select independent variables,and analyze the influence of variables on the willingness of farmers to withdraw from homesteads.Furthermore,the method of multiple response analysis is used to empirically analyze the compensation methods that farmers hope to receive after the homestead is withdrawn.Finally,based on the results of the previous analysis,the principles,content,standards,and procedures of the compensation for the withdrawal of homesteads are put forward,and the compensation mechanism for the withdrawal is constructed,and relevant opinions and suggestions are put forward.The main research conclusions of the thesis are as follows:(1)This paper investigates the farmer’s homestead in Jiangsu Province on the spot,and finds that there are many problems in the use and withdrawal of the homestead.The phenomenon of "one household with multiple houses" is serious,the ratio is as high as15.6%,which violates the principle of "one household,one house";the phenomenon of excessive homesteads is serious,with 747 households with a homestead area exceeding 200 square meters,accounting for the proportion of all surveyed rural households 40%,a serious waste of rural land resources;rural "hollowing" phenomenon is serious,40.8% of surveyed farmers have purchased houses in cities and towns,resulting in idle and waste of rural homesteads;private circulation of homesteads is serious and violates homesteads Regulations related to management.These problems seriously affect the efficiency of rural land use and are not conducive to the development of urbanization.At the same time,the survey also found that although Jiangsu Province has introduced the homestead withdrawal policy,there are many problems in the implementation process,such as the mandatory implementation by the government,the insufficient enthusiasm of farmers to withdraw from the homestead,the incomplete compensation process for the homestead withdrawal,the inadequate withdrawal compensation standard and the social security mechanism after clarification and withdrawal is not perfect,etc.These circumstances have caused the whole process of the withdrawal of homesteads in Jiangsu Province to be not smooth enough.(2)With the help of Stata software,this paper uses the binary Logit model to conduct an empirical analysis on the data of farmers from more than 100 villages in 8prefecture-level cities in Jiangsu Province,which has a total of 1888 questionnaires.The independent variables are selected,and the independent variables are divided into four categories: individual characteristics of farmers,family characteristics of farmers,management systems of farmers,and cognition of farmers.Analyze the influence of independent variables on farmers ’ willingness to withdraw from homesteads.After empirical analysis,there are 10 variables that have a significant impact,namely:farmer household’s age,education level,and farmer’s gender in the first category;whether the farmers buy houses in cities,and the floor space of homesteads in the second category;whether to have a unified real estate certificate,whether to approve a new homestead,and whether to allow demolition and reconstruction in the third category;awareness of ownership of homestead and whether to supervise house construction in the fourth category.In addition,there are five other variables that have insignificant effects: the number of people registered in the household registration book,the annual family income,the family Engel coefficient,whether they have a house ownership certificate,and whether urban residents can purchase rural houses.(3)This article uses multiple response analysis to analyze the compensation methods that farmers hope to get after they withdraw from their homesteads.Among the 918 households who are willing to withdraw from their homesteads,587 households chose to opt for financial compensation,accounting for 63.9%;575 households opted for house replacement,accounting for 62.6%;579 households opted for employment opportunities,accounting for 63.1%;There are 549 households who choose to provide medical and social insurance,accounting for 59.8%.After multiple response analysis,the following conclusions are obtained: 1)Among the factors of individual characteristics of farmers,young farmers,male farmers,and farmers with a high level of education tend to be compensated by funds and provide employment opportunities;elderly farmers,female farmers,and low levels of education tend to house replacement and the provision of medical and social security.2)Among the characteristic factors of rural households,households with a small number of households,households with high incomes,households with large homesteads,and rural households who purchase houses in cities and towns tend to be compensated by funds and provide employment opportunities;households with large households and households farmers with low incomes,farmers with small homesteads,and farmers who have not purchased houses in cities tend to house replacement and the provision of medical and social security.3)Among the factors of the farmer management system,the farmers who have the unified certificate of homestead real estate and the willingness to compensate the farmers who allow the demolition and reconstruction of the homestead tend to be compensated by funds and provide employment opportunities;the farmers without the unified certificate of homestead real estate are not allowed to demolish the homestead tend to house replacement and the provision of medical and social security.4)Among the factors of farmers’ perceptions,the compensation willingness of farmers who believe that the ownership of the homestead belongs to the state or collective tend to be compensated by funds and provide employment opportunities;and the compensation willingness of farmers who believe that the ownership of the homestead belongs to individual villagers tend to house replacement and the provision of medical and social security.