| Since the reform and opening up,with the advantages of low factor costs and transaction costs,China’s manufacturing industry has integrated into the global value chain production division system dominated by multinational companies through processing trade or OEM,which has promoted regional industrialization and China’s economic globalization.However,influenced by the development environment at home and abroad in recent years,such as the rising factor cost in China,the decline of environmental carrying capacity and the financial crisis,the development strategy of China’s industry positioning at the "bottom of GVC" has been seriously challenged.Facing the severe economic situation of slowing demand in the domestic market and "double squeeze" in the world market,China’s equipment manufacturing industry needs to urgently seek transformation and upgrading,further develop the domestic market,clarify the embedding position and evolution reasons of the industry in the national value chain,accelerate the upgrading of the national value chain of equipment manufacturing industry,and realize the high-end climb of the value chain of equipment manufacturing industry.Based on the dual perspectives of output supply and input demand dynamics,this paper measures the embedding position of China’s equipment manufacturing national value chain,analyzes the characteristics of its location evolution,and makes structural decomposition of its location evolution to reveal the reasons for its evolution.First of all,based on the serial input-output table from 2002 to 2018,this paper processes the product sectors and data of the input-output table each year,and forms a unified standard product sector table that can be compared one by one.Secondly,this paper constructs a value chain position measurement model at the country-industry level to measure the national value chain position of China’s equipment manufacturing industry,compares and analyzes the measurement results of different types and segments of equipment manufacturing industry,and expounds the evolution trend,development form and characteristics of the national value chain of equipment manufacturing industry.Finally,we use the structural decomposition technique to explore the reasons for the evolution of the national value chain position of equipment manufacturing industry,and provide policy implications for the implementation of differentiated value chain upgrading strategies of equipment manufacturing industry.The research conclusions are as follows:Based on the position measurement and evolution trend analysis of the national value chain of equipment manufacturing industry,it can be obtained that:(1)the upstream degree of output and downstream degree of input of China’s equipment manufacturing industry show an "M" evolution trend of upward-downward-upward-downward-rise;(2)The degree of embedding of different types of equipment manufacturing industry in the output supply chain is high-tech,low-technology and medium-technology manufacturing industry,while the degree of embedding of different types of equipment manufacturing industry in the input demand chain is high-tech,medium-technology and low-technology manufacturing industry.(3)The subsectors of equipment manufacturing industry are all located in the upstream of the input demand chain,while the positions embedded in the output supply chain are different.According to the structural decomposition research of its position evolution,it can be found that:(1)the main driving factor of the position evolution of the overall equipment manufacturing industry into the output supply chain and input demand chain is the intra-industry effect;(2)The intermediate goods supply network effect is the main driving factor of the evolution of the output supply chain of equipment manufacturing industry,and the intermediate goods demand network effect is the main driving factor of the evolution of the input demand chain of equipment manufacturing industry;(3)There is a positive correlation between the upstream degree of the output of the equipment manufacturing industry and the feedback effect and spillover effect Ⅰ. |
