A Study On The Effect Of Farmland Right Confirmation On The Production Efficiency Of Apple Households

On the basis of completing the reform of contracted management in rural land system in China since 1978,it was proposed in 2009 and started the registration and certification of rural land contracted management rights in 2013.In 2020,China basically completed the land property rights system reform marked by the certification of agricultural land rights,laying the foundation for maintaining the long-term stability of agricultural land contracting and management rights,solving the problems of "unclear four directions and inaccurate area" in agricultural land property rights relations,supporting the clarification and standardization of agricultural land ownership relations,and making the agricultural land property rights system more stable.In this context,how to further leverage the reform achievements and policy effects of the agricultural land ownership system,and promote the high-quality development of the agricultural industry,has become a focus of academic attention.As a major reform and innovation in the rural land system,the policy effects of rural land ownership confirmation have multiple aspects.The most important aspect is to gradually expand the scale of farmers’ operations and form a moderate scale management system through the management of agricultural land property rights,helping to improve the efficiency of resource allocation and agricultural production for farmers.How does the policy of confirming agricultural land ownership affect agricultural production efficiency? Is there any difference in this impact among different types of farmers?Is the duration of property ownership also one of the factors affecting agricultural production efficiency? Therefore,this article reviews a large number of relevant domestic and foreign literature,based on property rights theory,farmer behavior theory,and economies of scale theory.Using 1082 micro research data from Shaanxi and Shandong provinces,the apple production efficiency is studied under the effect of agricultural land ownership policies.With factor input as the connecting point,factor input is included in the theoretical analysis framework of agricultural land ownership confirmation and apple production efficiency,A complete system of "land ownership confirmation → factor input → apple production efficiency" was formed,and the sample area’s land ownership certification and apple production status were analyzed.The direct effect of land ownership confirmation policies on apple production efficiency and the indirect effect of factor input between "land ownership confirmation-apple production efficiency" were explained.The specific research contents are as follows:(1)using stochastic frontier production function model to calculate the production efficiency of apple households;(2)using Tobit model to explain the direct effect of farmland right on apple production efficiency;(3)using IV-Tobit model to test the endogeneity;(4)using PSM model and alternative explanatory variables to test the robustness of the previous model results;(5)considering the inter-generational and income differences of apple households,and so on;(6)the mediating effect model was used to analyze whether the factor input was the mechanism of improving the apple production efficiency by determining the right of farmland,it is helpful to evaluate the effectiveness of the policy of confirming rural land rights in an all-round way.The conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)From the perspective of the total effect,the empirical results show that the production efficiency of apple households is generally on the low side at present,the production efficiency of apple households with farmland allocation is 4.6% higher than that of apple households without farmland allocation,and the result is still significantly improved after overcoming the endogeneity problem in the model Further using the PSM model and replacing the core explanatory variable “Farmland rights determination” with “Property rights holding time”,the results are basically consistent with the previous regression results,and the longer it takes Apple households to certify their rights,the greater the boost to Apple’s productivity.(2)From the perspective of the diversity of apple households,after taking into account the inter-generational and income differences of apple households,this paper finds that the policy of determining the right to farm land has a significantly positive effect on the productivity of apple households in the Mesozoic and old generations,however,the effect on the new generation of apple households is not significant,and the policy of confirming farmland rights has a significantly positive effect on the productivity of apple households with low and middle income levels,the effect on the higher income group is not significant.(3)According to the mechanism test,the input of land,labor and capital is an important way to improve the apple production efficiency,the above three factors play a part of mediating effect in the effect of farmland right confirmation on apple production efficiency.Based on the above conclusions,this paper puts forward the following policy suggestions:to improve the satisfaction degree of farmland rights determination,to finish the work of farmland rights determination and certification,to optimize the allocation of factors and to improve the production efficiency of apple:(1)to further clarify the boundary and ownership of agricultural land property rights,improve the certification rate,do a good job in the final determination of agricultural land rights.(2)improving the information trading platform of farmland circulation,invigorating the land market and enhancing the willingness of apple households to invest.(3)to strengthen the propaganda of the policy of confirming farmland rights and improve the policy cognition level of apple households.(4)attracting and training the new generation of main operators,and increasing the relevant agricultural support.