Research On The Interaction Mechanism And Selection Of Members Of Enterprise Technical Standards Alliance For The “Belt And Road” Initiative

The continuous reduction of tariffs and the liberalization of trade has made standards gradually become the universal language of international trade.The huge market capacity and multi-level consumption demands of countries along the Belt and Road have provided new development opportunities for Chinese enterprises and opened up unprecedented space for Chinese technology standards to go global.In the exploration of going global,the enterprise technology standard alliances(ETSA)for the “Belt and Road” Initiative(BRI)remain an important channel for the diffusion of Chinese technology standards in overseas markets.Due to the unique nature of the ETSA,the entities in ETSA present multiple heterogeneous,which lead to different characteristics and modes of interaction between entities in ETSA for the BRI and entities in traditional ETSA.Therefore,clarifying the interaction between the entities is of great significance for promoting the sustainable development of the alliance.This study uses the grounded theory approach,NK model,simulation research,and case study methods to analyze the interaction mechanism and selection of entities of the ETSA for the BRI.Firstly,based on a comparative analysis of the ecological characteristics of ETSA for the BRI,text mining has been used to collect research data then the grounded theory approach has been used to analyze the ecosystem of ETSA for the BRI.Secondly,the environmental uncertainty theory was used to analyze the environment of the ETSA for the BRI,which is divided into 8 states.NK model was constructed based on the adaptive landscape theory,and the three types of Alliance entities’ interaction mechanisms under 8 environmental states were analyzed through simulation experiments,summarizing the adaptive scenarios of different Alliance entities’ interaction mechanisms.Finally,empirical verification of the research conclusions was further conducted by analyzing typical cases of the ETSA for the BRI.The results of study are presented as follows: Fistly,the ecosystem of the ETSA for the BRI is defined as a dynamic open system formed by innovation,promotion,and application of technical standards between the entities and an innovative ecosystem in which enterprises are based on the markets along the Belt and Road,promoting the synergy and symbiosis among the providers of technical standards,manufacturers of standard products,promoters of standard applications,and consumers of standard products.In addition to the general characteristics of an innovative ecosystem,ETSA for the BRI also has the main characteristics of goal orientation,co-creation of standards,and dynamic upgrading.Secondly,ETSA for the BRI is composed of providers of technical standards,manufacturers of standard products,consumers of standard products,and promoters of standard applications,with different ecological positioning and functional roles in the ecosystem.Compared with ETSA in existing research,ETSA for the BRI has a more complex structure,with enterprises,governments,universities,research institutes,industry organizations,and fund organizations all participating.Each entity in the alliance has different functional positioning,and there are similar or overlapping interactions in the process of technology standard diffusion.Thirdly,the entities in ETSA for the BRI establish mutual connections through three interactive mechanisms: standard output application,standard co-construction,and standard integration and symbiosis,to ensure the sustainable and healthy operation of the alliance.Compared to existing ETSA,ETSA for the BRI faces a more complex internal and external environment.The participating entities of the alliance exhibit different interactive mechanisms in different market environments to achieve the diffusion and sharing of technical standards and the production of technical standard products that meet the demand.Fourth,under the conditions of simple dynamic,complex stable,and simple stable tolerance,the optimal interactive mechanism for the participating entities of ETSA for the BRI to choose is standard output application;under the conditions of simple stable hostility,the optimal interactive mechanism for the participating entities of ETSA for the BRI to choose is standard co-construction;under the condition of a complex dynamic environment,the optimal interactive mechanism for the participating entities of ETSA for the BRI to choose is standard integration and symbiosis.The local optimality in the experimental results usually occurs such that the alliance entities need to achieve dynamic evolution through self-organization and self-adaptation,and find the optimal interactive mechanism to achieve the alliance’s goals.