Industrial Geographical Agglomeration,Productivity And Exports

China is at a critical stage of economic transition to high-quality development,and is facing the impact of the gradual weakening of the "demographic dividend" and the downward trend of the global economy.How to achieve a stable increase in China’s foreign trade in a complex situation is an important issue that China needs to consider at present.The report of the 20 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposes that future economic development should be guided by national strategic needs,increase industrial agglomeration,promote innovative development of enterprises,and create a growth environment for small and medium-sized enterprises.The construction of a unified national market in 2022 aims to further reduce market transaction costs and bring into play the scale and agglomeration effects of the market.In January 2023,the National Conference on Industry and Information Technology pointed out that it is necessary to support the agglomeration and development of small and medium-sized enterprises and create a group of characteristic industrial clusters.It can be said that in recent years,the country has paid full attention to the creation of industrial clusters.Based on this background,this article attempts to study theoretically and empirically how the formation of industrial agglomeration will affect the improvement of enterprise productivity and exports,and promote the further development of enterprises.This thesis adopts the perspective of the new trade theory,applies the factors of enterprise heterogeneity to the study of industrial agglomeration,productivity,and export.Based on the EKK model,it integrates the factors of industrial agglomeration,and explores the impact of industrial agglomeration,productivity changes,on export levels.Firstly,based on the matching between China’s industrial enterprise database and customs database,comprehensively calculate the degree of industrial agglomeration in each province and industry.Then,based on the derivation of the theoretical model and the understanding of the parameters,the parameters of the theoretical model are estimated,and the parameters are applied to the counterfactual analysis to observe the changes in the target variables.Through counterfactual analysis,it is found that:(1)The level of industrial agglomeration in China is not balanced,and there are significant differences in the situation of industrial agglomeration in various provinces and industries;(2)Within a certain level,with the improvement of industrial agglomeration level,productivity and exports will have a significant increase;(3)Taking the current level of industrial agglomeration of Chinese enterprises as the standard,the improvement of industrial agglomeration level will lead to different degrees of improvement in exports,wages,and welfare.Enterprises in low industrial agglomeration will be more significantly affected by the improvement of industrial agglomeration level.