Research On The Governance Mechanism Of Relative Poverty In Rural Areas In China Under The Perspective Of Marx’s Anti-Poverty Thought

Since the 18 th Party Congress,China has made great achievements in poverty governance that have attracted worldwide attention,winning the battle against poverty as scheduled and eliminating absolute poverty in rural areas.However,poverty governance is far from over.With the transformation of the main social contradictions in China,farmers’ needs for a better life do not only stay in the basic living needs,but also in the pursuit of narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas,promoting social justice and enjoying more development rights,etc.Therefore,the task of rural relative poverty governance will be more complicated and arduous.The report of the 20 th Party Congress points out that the most difficult and heavy task of building a modern socialist country is still in the rural areas.Adhere to the priority development of agriculture and rural areas,and adhere to the integrated development of urban and rural areas,regional coordinated development.At present,the gap between urban and rural development in China is still large,and the development resources in rural areas are limited,so it is especially important to construct a mechanism for the governance of relative poverty in rural areas.First,based on the actual situation of relative poverty governance in China,this study compares the main contents of Marx’s anti-poverty thought in terms of the manifestation of poverty,the main causes of poverty,the path of anti-poverty and the goal of anti-poverty governance,so as to provide theoretical guidance for relative poverty governance in rural China.This paper analyzes the relative poverty governance mechanism from five aspects:identification mechanism,policy support mechanism,endogenous motivation mechanism,income growth mechanism and guarantee mechanism.Secondly,taking Marx’s anti-poverty thought as the guide,the paper puts forward requirements for the governance mechanism of relative poverty in rural areas in China: firstly,to establish the basic position of putting farmers at the center;secondly,to establish the governance concept of giving full play to the advantages of the system and developing productive forces;and thirdly,to establish the value objective of giving equal importance to material and spiritual poverty alleviation.Thirdly,the main problems of China’s rural relative poverty governance mechanism are analyzed,mainly including: firstly,difficulties in identifying rural relative poverty groups;secondly,inadequate policies and regulations for rural relative poverty governance;thirdly,insufficient endogenous motivation of poor subjects to get rid of poverty;fourthly,unreasonable industrial planning for agricultural development;and fifthly,imperfect social security mechanisms in rural areas.In view of these problems,we analyzed the root causes of the problems,mainly: first,the diversity and complexity of rural relative poverty;second,poverty alleviation policies are constrained by the inherent institutional structure and ethical environment;third,the limited resources to support rural poverty management;fourth,the imbalance of the “two hands” of economic regulation;fifth,the difference between urban and rural social security systems due to the dualistic structure of urban and rural areas;and sixth,the difference between urban and rural social security systems.Fifth,the difference in social security systems between urban and rural areas due to the dual structure of urban and rural areas;sixth,insufficient investment in rural public infrastructure construction.Finally,the optimization path of China’s rural relative poverty governance mechanism is explored,mainly including: establishing the identification criteria for relative poverty groups,establishing a sound monitoring and early warning mechanism to prevent returning to poverty,and improving the identification and monitoring mechanism based on multidimensional poverty;strengthening the implementation of policy convergence between rural relative poverty governance and rural revitalization,and improving the policy assistance mechanism based on the convergence of rural revitalization policies;supporting both the wisdom and the will,and improving the ideological and cultural level of rural relative poverty groups.The mechanism is based on stimulating the endogenous motivation of the poor groups;rational planning of industrial layout,promoting the integrated development of one,two and three industries,cultivating new agricultural business subjects,and improving the mechanism of increasing income based on adjusting the rural industrial structure;giving full play to the function of mutual assistance and mutual aid of the social security system,and improving the protection mechanism based on social security underwriting.