Research On Grain Supply Chain Decision Based On Subsidy Policy

Food security has always been the foundation of the country.The stable and orderly development of China’s economy and society is inseparable from the solid support of food reserves.In order to ensure food security,ensure the income of grain farmers and improve farmers’ enthusiasm for growing grain,China has issued agricultural support and protection subsidies and minimum purchase price policies.In recent years,the implementation of subsidy policy has also achieved certain results.However,for the subsidy objects,the existing subsidy policies only provide subsidies for farmers.Because farmers’ income and production and transaction decision-making behavior are affected by the market environment and other roles in the grain supply chain,the existing policies can not give full play to the lever benefits brought by other roles in the supply chain;For the subsidy mode,the minimum purchase price policy has the effect of stabilizing farmers’ income,but it also interferes with the grain market to a certain extent;Secondly,in some remote areas where grain planting is the main source of income for farmers,the enthusiasm of buyers is not high,and there is still the phenomenon of "difficulty in selling grain",the interests of farmers are not guaranteed,and the enthusiasm of farmers to grow grain has been hit.Therefore,in the process of implementing the existing subsidy policy,there are still some problems,such as "the subsidy object is single,the subsidy method needs to be improved,and the subsidy effect needs to be improved".Based on this,taking the grain supply chain as the research object,this paper discusses the improvement methods of grain subsidy policy,that is,subsidy objects,subsidy methods and other issues,makes full use of government subsidy behavior,optimizes resource allocation,gives full play to its leverage,and better solves the problem of low income of farmers in remote areas.This paper considers the single cycle two-stage grain supply chain composed of a single farmer and a single purchaser under random output and random demand,constructs the expected profit model and social welfare function of farmers and purchasers respectively,and compares the situation that the government provides subsidies to the grain supply chain with and without subsidies.Among them,there are two situations in which the government provides subsidies,One is the existing agricultural support and protection subsidy and minimum purchase price subsidy only for farmers.The other is the model of subsidy for farmers and buyers proposed in this paper,and the three subsidy models are compared and analyzed.Through numerical analysis of the impact of subsidy distribution ratio and subsidy influence coefficient on the decision-making behavior,profits and social welfare of farmers and acquirers,to verify the effectiveness of the model of providing subsidies to farmers and acquirers at the same time.The research shows that:(1)Compared with the government when does not provide subsidies,the existing grain subsidy policy has a certain positive effect on improving farmers’ enthusiasm and profits.(2)When the proportion of agricultural support and protection subsidy(planting subsidy)is greater than a certain critical value,and a part of the minimum purchase price subsidy is allocated to the purchase subsidy of acquirers,the subsidy "farmers and acquirers" model has the effect of improving farmers’ income and grain planting compared with the existing subsidy model.At this time,the subsidy model is effective for the state to increase farmers’ income.(3)When the proportion of agricultural support and protection subsidies(planting amount subsidies)is less than a certain critical value,and part or all of the minimum purchase price subsidies are allocated to the purchase amount subsidies of purchasers,the implementation effect of the subsidy "farmer" model is better.(4)Compared with the subsidy "farmers" model,the subsidy "farmers and acquirers" model has the effect of increasing the acquisition volume and profits of acquirers.