Research On The Impact Of National Economic And Technological Development Zones On Urban Economic Development

Since the reform and opening up,Chinese urban economy has made rapid development,and there have been important changes in all aspects,mainly reflected in the acceleration of urban urbanization,the economic development of rural areas,and the improvement of urban people’s living standards.State-level economic and technological development zones and the cities in which they are located,by virtue of their advantages in geographical location,resource endowment and other resources,as well as the preferential policies granted by the national and regional people’s governments,have continuously promoted the development of urban national economy and society in all aspects in the past 40 years of reform and opening up.National economic and technological development zones have gradually become the economic growth engine of a region or a city,promoting the rapid economic development of enterprises in the parks and the rapid economic growth of the city.It is worth noting that with the continuous development of reform and opening up,various socialization problems have emerged.Now urban economic development is facing the big background of transformation and upgrading.Can national economic and technological development zones continue to play a positive role in promoting urban economic and social development? How can it continue to play an important role in today’s complex and changing domestic and international landscape? Do national economic and technological development Zones need to be optimized? Therefore,based on the above problems,this paper explores the influence of national economic and technological development zones on urban economic development according to the relevant theories of regional economics and urban economics.First of all,this paper analyzes the concepts and types of national economic and technological development zones,sorts out and summarizes domestic and foreign research literature and research progress,and takes the growth pole theory.The study found that since the reform and opening up,national economic and technological development zones have experienced the following stages: Initial development stage(1984-1992),rapid development stage(1993-2002),regulation adjustment stage(2003-2013),steady development stage(2014-present).In addition,the following research findings are also found;(1)the current situation of scale,namely the continuous expansion of economic scale and working population;(2)Structural status,namely,continuous optimization and upgrading of industrial structure;(3)The status quo of spatial layout is that the overall regional distribution is more coordinated.Secondly,this paper uses the urban panel data from 2004 to 2016,builds an empirical regression model on this basis,empirically analyzes the influence of national economic and technological development zones on urban economic development,and draws conclusions according to the empirical results.The findings are as follows: first,when the bidirectional fixed effect is considered,the national economic and technological development zones have a significant promoting effect on urban economic development,and the conclusion is still valid when the control variables are considered.Two robustness test methods are used to find that the conclusion is still valid.Second,it is found that the establishment of national economic and technological development zones has an expected effect on urban economic development for 1 to 3 years.Thirdly,through the heterogeneity analysis of regional heterogeneity and administrative hierarchy,it is found that the establishment of national economic and technological development zones in eastern and southern cities has an obvious promoting effect on urban economic development,and at the same time,it also has an obvious promoting effect on general cities(ordinary prefecture-level cities).This conclusion has important policy enlightenment for the state to plan and supervise the establishment of national economic and technological development zones.Finally,based on the empirical analysis,this paper carries out the mechanism test,mainly from the industrial structure upgrading,technological innovation and fiscal revenue scale three mechanism path,the research finds that: first,Industrial structure upgrading is a mechanism;Second,Scientific and technological innovation is also a mechanism;Third,The scale of fiscal revenue is also a mechanism.Based on the heterogeneity analysis of the three mechanisms,it is found that technological innovation and financial revenue scale,which provides certain policy enlightenment for Chinese and local governments to promote urban economic development.Based on the above research conclusions,this paper puts forward the following three policy suggestions: first,the national and local governments should strengthen the construction support and supervision of national economic and technological development zones;Secondly,the industrial structure and spatial layout of enterprises in national economic and technological development zones should be optimized;Third,actively expand the opening to the outside world,increase investment and investment at the same time to build the international and domestic markets of the "Double Cycle".