| Export comparative advantage is an important expression of a country’s level of export competitiveness.Since China’s accession to the WTO,China has taken an active part in global economic activities,and the growth rate of foreign trade far exceeds the economic growth rate,global market share is increasing,export comparative advantage from the original low-end lock-in to the high-end stage of continuous transformation,demand has become the core driving force of this transformation.In recent years,China’s demand has made a qualitative boost in both scale and structure,becoming a global demand country,providing more possibilities for the leap of export comparative advantages.This paper explores the relationship between demand evolution and export comparative advantage,and studies whether and how demand affects export comparative advantage.Starting from the theoretical mechanism,the author decomposes the evolution of demand into changes at the scale of demand and the structure of demand,analyzes the improvement of supply capacity respectively,and then acts on the comparative advantage of exports through the progress of supply capacity.As far as the scale of demand is expanded,a broader and stable market foundation not only reduces the cost of market development of enterprises while bringing economies of scale,but also forms the cost advantage of enterprise production;Moreover,it will reduce the risk of enterprise life and enhance the competitiveness of enterprises.As far as the upgrading of demand structure is concerned,the improvement of high-quality,personalized and diversified demand forces enterprises to improve production efficiency,accelerate technological innovation,improve product quality,and attract more enterprises to join the competition,cultivate new competitive advantages while eliminating backward production capacity,enhance the supply capacity of enterprises,bring about production-side reform,and promote the improvement of export comparative advantages.Different from most literature,which takes a certain industry as an example to measure the export comparative advantage between countries or international organizations or take the region as the carrier to compare the changes of export comparative advantage,this paper compares the industry classification standards such as HS code,WIOD,ISIC,GB and other industries from the perspective of the industry,sorts out the relevant data of 17 manufacturing industries in the 11 years from 2004 to 2014,verifies the basic hypothesis through model regression.then,the paper tests the robustness by replacing the regression method.The explanatory variables were tested for endogenousness in the previous period,and the group regression was carried out by using the difference in industry density to complete the heterogeneity analysis.In further research,the mediating effect of supply capacity in the improvement of demand to help export comparative advantage is studied,and finally it is concluded that demand has a promoting effect on the improvement of export comparative advantage,and through the change of intermediary supply capacity,the impact of different industry intensity is not homogeneous,labor-and technology-intensive industries play a significant role,and capital-intensive industries play a small role.Based on the above theoretical analysis and empirical test,this paper draws the following policy enlightenment: in the process of promoting the improvement of China’s export comparative advantage,we can focus on expanding domestic demand,promoting consumption expansion,and increasing the scale of demand;Cultivate high-quality consumer groups,improve demand levels,and optimize demand structure;Promote employment,increase income,and improve consumption expectations;Combine supply and demand markets,promote the construction of a unified domestic market,and promote the construction of a dual-cycle development pattern;Increase investment in scientific research,stimulate innovation,and improve the supply capacity of enterprises. |
