Comparative Advantage Evolution Impact On China's Export Products Structure Optimization Research

As a country with the largest export volume and the second largest import volume,China is really a huge trading nation.However,a huge trading nation is not equal to a trading power.There are still many problems in import and export trade,especially in the context of more and more composite external economic environment,the intricate trade friction between China and the United States,and the piecemeal fading of traditional comparative advantages.China cries for finding new comparative advantages to promote and optimize exports product structure.The economic development data from each province for nearly 20 years is selected to analyze how labor force,labor quality(human resources),asset investment,resource endowment,foreign direct investment,scale of international trade,government support,science and technology,and domestic market size affect the optimization of Chinese export product structure.The research finds that the traditional comparative advantages represented by the labor force,although they have always played a role in optimizing the structure of export products,their influence will be weakened.On the contrary,the size of the domestic market is becoming a push after the demographic dividend.The potential comparative advantage of Chinese international trade,particularly in the eastern part with more developed economy,becomes more distinct and brilliant.In addition,science and technology are expected to develop into a new comparative advantage to promote the optimization of China's export product structure.Based on the research conclusions shown before,some policy recommendations are proposed for optimizing the structure of China's export products and accelerating the construction of a strong trade country from multiple levels: on the strategic level,we should increase the emphasis on the development of medium and high-tech industries;on the supply level,our attentions should be centered on advancing the quality of human capital,increasing investment in scientific research,and stimulating self-dependent innovation;on the demand level,we should strive to open up local markets and expand the size of the domestic market by deepening the reform of the market economy system.