| The China(Yunnan)Pilot Free Trade Zone was officially listed in August 2019,marking a pioneering step in Yunnan’s reform and opening up.The Yunnan Pilot Free Trade Zone is a vital gateway for China to increase its opening-up and build a new development pattern.In order to expand the opening-up of Yunnan,the promulgated and implemented free trade pilot policy is the common practice and important experience in the free trade pilot zone during the reform process of China.The preferential policies of the free trade pilot zone are conducive to enterprises’ trade and high-quality development.In 2022,the import and export trade volume of Yunnan Province reached to334.23 billion yuan,an increase of 6.3% over 2021.Manufacturing industry is the basis of high-quality economic development.Yunnan Province has provided many support policy to back the development of manufacturing industry,digital trade,trade facilitation and industrial digital development,such as the Overall Plan of China(Yunnan)Pilot Free Trade Zone,the Benefit Enterprise Policy of Kunming Area of Yunnan Pilot Free Trade Zone,etc.In January 2022,as the most extensive population coverage and trade and economic coverage,the most promising free trade agreement,the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement(RCEP),has entered into force,which aims to help more than 90% of goods trade to achieve zero tariffs.The promulgation and implementation of the above policies,and the entry into force of the RCEP agreement,will bring significant opportunities for manufacturing enterprises in Yunnan Pilot Free Trade Zone to carry out cross-border trade.“Without investigation,there is no voice”,in order to understand the implementation of trade promotion policies and the sensitivity of enterprises to the policies,this report takes the manufacturing enterprises in the Yunnan Pilot Free Trade Zone that carry out cross-border trade as the research object,and scientifically selects 31 enterprises for analysis.The contents are as follows: First,make concept definition of the origin of the pilot free trade zone and hackle its development in China;Second,arrange the free trade pilot policy,and arrange the relevant policies supporting the industrial development of manufacturing enterprises from the aspects of tax reduction policy,trade facilitation policy,digital support policy,cross-border e-commerce policy,etc.,to lay the foundation for the design of the questionnaire;Third,carry out the investigation and research of the pilot free trade policy that promote the development of manufacturing enterprises’ cross-border trade in goods,design the questionnaire from the transaction circulation link,and discuss the manufacturing enterprises’ enjoyment of the pilot free trade policy,the status development of enterprises’ cross-border trade,the nexus between the trade promotion policy,and the most important: the impact of trade promotion policies on the cross-border trade of manufacturing enterprises and the problems of infrastructure supporting the digital development of industry in Yunnan Province were investigated,the first-hand data were collected to prepare for the later analysis;Fourth,data recovery and processing,screening the data and data obtained from the survey,using SPSS Pro to code the samples obtained from the sampling,and using descriptive statistical analysis,comparative analysis and grey correlation analysis methods to explore the research problems and arrive conclusions.The research findings are as follows: First,under the “internal and external linkage” support of the Yunnan Free Trade Pilot Policy and the RCEP goods trade policy,the trade promotion policy can expand the cross-border trade scale of manufacturing enterprises by reducing trade costs,improving trade facilitation and promoting digital progress.Therefore,the government should pay more attention to the reduction of enterprise transaction costs and the promotion of trade facilitation in the process of formulating support policies.Second,through the grey correlation analysis of the sample data,it is found that the tax policy and trade facilitation policy have a high correlation with the development of enterprise goods trade,trade facilitation has more influence on enterprises,while the influence of industrial digital support policy is relatively low,which indicates that the trade facilitation policy has a closer relationship with the specific foreign trade development and sustainable development of enterprises.Third,the level of Internet infrastructure supporting the digital development of cross-border trade in goods in Yunnan manufacturing industry needs to be improved.Compared with traditional trade,the development of digital trade can reduce the transaction cost of enterprise trade and expand the scale of trade.Therefore,the internet infrastructure of Yunnan Province needs to be strengthened.Fourth,enterprises are heterogeneous.First,according to the classification of enterprise size and the category of enterprise manufacturing products,it is found that different types of enterprises have different attitudes towards the understanding of the policy and the promotion of the free trade pilot policy.The smaller the personnel scale of enterprises,the higher the level of understanding of the free trade pilot policy,and such enterprises have higher recognition of the free trade pilot policy can improve trade efficiency;Second,according to the purpose of the supplied products,the manufacturing industry of light and textile industry has a higher understanding of the pilot free trade policy.Such enterprises also believe that the pilot free trade policy plays a greater role in reducing transaction costs.Fifth,enterprises pay high attention to the policies of supporting the development of manufacturing industry in Kunming and the policies of customs clearance of goods,trade facilitation,paperless declaration and “single window”issued by Kunming Customs.These policies can directly support and help the cross-border trade of manufacturing enterprises.Sixth,the extent to which enterprises enjoy the pilot free trade policy needs to be improved.As for the implementation of the new policy,it can be seen that the process from the release to the implementation of the policy and the substantial impact on the enterprise takes time to accumulate.Therefore,the enterprise’s understanding and implementation of the relevant policies in the RCEP Free Trade Agreement is at a low level. |
