| Nowadays,as China’s economy develops rapidly,the living conditions of people have been improved accordingly day by day,and the demand for edible vegetable oil is also gradually increasing.The contradiction between supply and demand of edible vegetable oil in my country has become increasingly prominent.Heze City is the main peanut producing area in Shandong Province,It has a superior geographical location and a long planting history,Moreover,peanuts are considered as important oil crops as well as crash crops in Heze City.For this reason,it is undoubtly important to figure out the factors that influence the input-output efficiency of growers,and to propose corresponding suggestions and solutions,which will enhance an longlasting and healthy development of the peanut industry in Heze City.It can also provide a reference for Shandong Province and even the whole country to improve the efficiency of peanut planting and ensure the safe development of the oil industry.On the basis of analyzing the peanut planting conditions in Heze City,this paper summarizes the statistical data of peanut planting area,total yields and per unit yield from 2011 to 2020 in Heze City.By comparing with other main peanut producing areas in Shandong Province,this paper analyzes the important position of peanut planting in Heze City and the oil crop supply in Shandong Province.At the same time,it analyzes the problems existing in planting efficiency.Then,a questionnaire survey on the input-output efficiency and its influencing factors was conducted in farmers in the eight peanut-producing counties and districts in Heze City.According to the survey data of 320 valid questionnaires,the BCC model with variable returns to scale in the data envelopment analysis method is used to measure and calculate the pure technical efficiency,scale efficiency as well as comprehensive efficiency of peanut farmers.The final results indicated that the average pure technical efficiency was 0.39,and the average scale efficiency was 0.793,and the average comprehensive efficiency of the sample growers was 0.316.It can be obviously seen that the combined effect of scale efficiency and pure technical efficiency has resulted in the low level of comprehensive efficiency in which the influence of pure technical efficiency is more than that of scale efficiency.Afterwards,this paper takes the comprehensive efficiency of peanut farmers in Heze City as the dependent variable,and uses 12 influencing factors including farmer factors,input factors,environmental factors,and policy factors as independent variables to carry out Tobit regression analysis to find out the significantly influencing factors that impact on input-output efficiency.The results show that the education level,high-quality seedlings,mechanization degree,skill training times and policy publicity times of farmers have a positive and significant impact on the input-output efficiency of peanut farmers,while land cost and material cost have a negative impact on efficiency.The effects of farmers’ age,peanut planting experience,labor force,whether to join the cooperative and peanut planting subsidies on the efficiency are not significant.According to the research conclusions,this paper can summarize the following policy recommendations.Firstly,the government should strengthen the introduction of educational resources and professional talents to improve the overall quality of farmers.Secondly,the planting layout should be reasonably planned and coordinated,and efforts should be made to achieve large-scale and professional peanut planting.Besides,the government should actively carry out skills training and increase the publicity of agricultural policies.Finally,the management level of cooperatives should be improved,and farmers should be guided to plant scientifically and rationally,so as to solve a series of problems such as later sales and processing for farmers,so as to relieve farmers from worries. |
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