Research On The Impact Of Digital Transformation On Open Innovation From The Perspective Of Stakeholders

With the in-depth implementation of the innovation driven strategy,China’s innovation output has increased rapidly and its national innovation Index has steadily improved in the world ranking,which puts forward higher requirements for the quantity and quality of future innovation.Faced with the development of digital economy and the change of industrial structure,the closed innovation model of enterprises relying solely on internal resources for research and development can no longer meet the development requirements of the market.As an important component of the real economy,the manufacturing industry must accelerate its integrated development with the digital economy,fully mobilize internal and external resources,promote open innovation of enterprises,and enhance their core competitiveness.How to use digital transformation to promote open innovation of manufacturing enterprises has become the focus of enterprise practice and theoretical research.However,the current research on the impact mechanism of digital transformation on open innovation of enterprises is still lacking and not comprehensive,and few scholars analyze digital transformation from a multi-dimensional perspective.As important stakeholders of enterprises,customers,suppliers,competitors in the same industry and the government play a nonnegligible role in the process of digital transformation affecting open innovation,which needs to be further explored theoretically.Based on digital empowerment theory,open innovation theory,and stakeholder theory,this study summarizes the research results of digital transformation and open innovation,put forward research questions in combination with the development status of enterprises,and made research assumptions based on resource dependence theory.The study selected Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed companies in China’s manufacturing industry from 2011 to 2021 as research samples.This paper empirically analyzed the impact of digital transformation on open innovation from three dimensions of digital strategic orientation,digital technology application and digital business process,and further explores the moderating effects of supply chain concentration,industry concentration and government subsidies on the influencing process.The empirical results show that all dimensions of digital transformation have a significant promoting effect on open innovation;Supply chain concentration negatively regulates the relationship between digital transformation and open innovation,and the positive regulatory effect of customer concentration is smaller than the negative regulatory effect of supplier concentration;Industry concentration and government subsidies can significantly enhance the positive impact of digital transformation on open innovation.The empirical results of this study provide important implications for enterprises’ digital transformation practice and open innovation decision-making from the perspective of stakeholders,and also provide reference for the government to formulate related policies about market regulation and innovation.On the one hand,enterprises should systematically and comprehensively understand the digital transformation,accelerate the digital process from all aspects of strategic orientation,technology application and business process,fully utilize their digital advantages to establish innovation networks and partnerships,and promote the development of open innovation activities for enterprises;At the same time,enterprises should further strengthen supply chain management,implement differentiated management for customers and suppliers,and make full use of the upstream and downstream resources of the supply chain to promote cooperative innovation.On the other hand,the government should properly intervene in industry concentration to guide the market to shift the focus of competition to innovation;Implement subsidies for enterprises’ digital transformation and innovation activities,strengthen supervision over the subsidy funds,and promote the improvement of enterprises’ innovation output.This study comprehensively considers digital transformation from the dimensions of strategic orientation,technology application,and business process,expanding the dimensional research on the impact of digital transformation on open innovation,further enriching the research perspective,and exploring the boundary conditions of the impact of both from the perspective of stakeholders,which is somewhat innovative.