Study On The Influence Og The Circulation Of The Right To Use Homestead On The Property Income Of Peasant Households

In the report of the Party’s twenty National Congress,it was stressed that the factor income of low-and middle-income groups should be increased through various channels,as well as the property income of urban and rural residents.As one of the main components of farmers’ income,farmers’ property income plays a marginal role in their income for a long time.The improvement of property income can not only reflect the marketization level of a country,but also reflect the level of its economic development.It is the foundation of building a well-off society in an all-round way.Therefore,it is particularly important to deeply study how to improve farmers’ financial condition.At present,the property income of Chinese farmers mainly comes from rent,land tax and deposit interest.Through effective utilization of idle land resources,farmers’ property income can be significantly increased.The homestead system has been an important policy in our country,providing a stable income and the livelihood guarantee for farmers.With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization,the structure of urban and rural human capital has undergone great changes,and many young labor forces have moved from the countryside to the city,while the homestead is facing the dilemma of being mercilessly abandoned and abandoned.In recent years,policies and regulations have been introduced to promote the reform of the homestead system.It was not until 2018 that the policy of "separation of three rights" was proposed and implemented that the property attribute of the homestead was really activated.In this paper,land property income as the entry point,under the background of rural revitalization strategy to explore the homestead use right circulation on the property income of farmers and the internal mechanism,in order to improve the property income of farmers put forward solutions.Based on the relevant theories of Marxism and on the basis of the research results at home and abroad and relevant national statistical data in recent years,this paper explores the influence of the circulation of the right to use homestead on the property income of farmers.First of all,we measure the homestead circulation and farmers’ property income.Secondly,based on the CHFS financial data in 2020,the propensity score matching method and the intermediary effect model were used to analyze the influence and internal mechanism of the circulation of homestead use rights on the property income of farmers.The results are as follows:First,through the systematic induction and summary of Marxist property rights theory,Marx’s differential land rent theory and farmers’ rational economic man theory,points out their guiding significance for empirical research.Secondly,it makes a theoretical analysis of the impact of homestead circulation on farmers’ property income,and discusses the direct impact and indirect impact respectively.It is found that homestead circulation directly promotes the growth of property income by improving the return on homestead circulation,and indirectly promotes the growth of property income by improving the income level,land efficiency and farmers’ livelihood.Secondly,the formula of transfer rate,transfer rate and total transfer rate is used to calculate the transfer of homestead.It is found that the homestead circulation rate of rural households is generally low,and the homestead transfer behavior of rural households is more than the transfer behavior.Moreover,the homestead transfer behavior is heterogeneous among peasant households of different regions and different income levels.The property income of peasant households is measured by formula definition and Theil index.It is found that the inter-group Theil index is much larger than the intra-group Theil index,that is,the difference of farmers’ property income between different economic belts is the main cause of the total difference of farmers’ property income,and the eastern region is the main contribution factor of the total difference of farmers’ property income.Thirdly,the circulation of the right to use homestead has a significant positive effect on the property income of farmers,and the transfer and transfer of homestead land have a significant promoting effect on the property income of farmers.The propensity score matching of homestead transfer,homestead transfer out and homestead transfer respectively shows that the average treatment effect is 5011,6081 and 1194,and the results are all significant at the 1% level.Therefore,exploring the circulation path of homestead use right is conducive to promoting the improvement of farmers’ property income,so as to promote the common prosperity of urban and rural areas.Fourth,the property income effect of homestead has heterogeneity.Before and after homestead transfer,the property income effect of high-income peasant households is twice that of low-income peasant households,mainly because there is a positive correlation between household income and total wealth of peasant households.Therefore,the higher the income level of peasant households,the more land assets they hold,the easier it is to increase their property income.The property income effect of homestead is also related to the region,showing a status quo of "East > central > west",mainly because the policy system,economic level,farmers’ cognition and other aspects in developed areas are better than those in less developed areas.Therefore,we should further improve the income distribution system,and increase the support for the homestead system reform in underdeveloped areas,so as to avoid the amplification of the property income effect of homestead on the gap between rich and poor.Fifth,the circulation of the right to use homestead affects the property income by affecting the income of farmers,and the income of farmers contributes 48.9% of the intermediary effect in the relationship between the circulation of homestead and the property income.In order to further clarify the impact of the circulation of the right to use homestead on farmers’ income,two research paths of "homestead transfer-productive capital input-agricultural income" and "homestead transfer-non-agricultural employment level-non-agricultural income" are established respectively from homestead transfer and homestead transfer.The empirical results show that productive capital input and non-agricultural employment contribute 11.8%and 34.9% of the intermediate utility,respectively.Based on the above conclusions,from the perspectives of homestead circulation,farmers’ livelihood,common wealth and poverty,a feasible path of homestead use right circulation based on promoting the increase of farmers’ property income is constructed to provide reference for the government to formulate policies and promote the reform practice of homestead circulation.