Research On Classification Of Rural Settlements And Their Potential Of Comprehensive Consolidation

With the development of social economy,the acceleration of urbanization,and the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy,as the basic space for the production and life of farmers in rural areas,rural settlements are constantly changing in their internal spatial layout and morphological characteristics in the process of rural transformation.Due to the lack of scientific planning and management for a long time,problems such as disorderly expansion,hollow villages,and low land use efficiency have appeared in rural settlements,resulting in unbalanced development of rural areas,intensified conflicts and imbalanced development of the relationship between people and land in rural areas,hindering the development of rural areas and implementation of the rural revitalization strategy.Scientifically dividing the types of rural settlements and carrying out comprehensive consolidation activities for rural settlements are of great significance for optimizing the allocation of land resources,improving the rural living environment and promoting rural revitalization.ANOVA and LSD were used to analyze the clustering results,and the comprehensive characteristics of various rural settlements were summarized.This paper takes the comprehensive land consolidation project of Junshui Town,Tongcheng County,Hubei Province in 2021 as an example and takes the villager group as the research unit.Second-order cluster analysis was used to classify rural settlements.Then,according to different types of rural settlements,the comprehensive consolidation potential index system of rural settlements is constructed respectively,the comprehensive consolidation potential of different types of rural settlements is calculated,and strategies for releasing the comprehensive consolidation potential of different types of rural settlements are proposed.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)The rural settlements in the comprehensive land consolidation project area are divided into three types: development type,retention type and relocation type.This paper selects a total of 14 indicators from six aspects,including population status,infrastructure status,public service facilities,environmental sanitation,land use efficiency,and status of historical and cultural facilities.The 75 rural settlements in the project area are divided into three types:development type,reserved type and relocation type.Among them,there are 22 developmental rural settlements,31 reserved rural settlements,and 22 relocated rural settlements.(2)The characteristics of various types of rural settlements are more obvious.Most of the development-oriented rural settlements are located near the village committee and the main road of the village,with a large permanent population,high land use efficiency,complete infrastructure and public service facilities,and some ancient buildings,ancient and famous trees with high historical and cultural protection value.etc.are also mostly distributed in such settlements.Most of the relocated rural settlements are located in remote areas of administrative villages,with small permanent population,low land use efficiency,and low completeness of infrastructure and public service facilities.Reserved rural settlements are somewhere in between.(3)There are differences in the source and size of the comprehensive consolidation potential of different types of rural settlements.The sources of the comprehensive consolidation potential of development-oriented settlements are mainly the potential of intensive land use,the consolidation of human settlements,and the potential of historical and cultural protection.The sources of the comprehensive consolidation potential of reserved rural settlements are mainly the potential of intensive land use and the consolidation of human settlements;the potential value of comprehensive consolidation of this type of rural settlements is between 0.19 and 0.53,with an average value of 0.36.The main source of the remediation potential of the relocated rural settlements is the newly increased agricultural land area,and the comprehensive remediation potential is calculated to be 26.39 hectares.(4)Different types of rural settlements have different strategies for releasing the potential of comprehensive renovation.First,development-oriented rural settlements.For residential areas with high potential for intensive land use,the focus should be on improving the efficiency of intensive land use through internal potential tapping;For residential areas with great potential for improving the living environment,the focus should be on supporting and improving their internal infrastructure and public service facilities to improve the quality of the living environment;For the settlements of ancient buildings and ancient and famous trees with high historical and cultural protection value,we should focus on the restoration of these historical and cultural resources,rationally develop and utilize them in the protection,and form a virtuous cycle mechanism of development,utilization,restoration and protection.Second,reserved rural settlements.For residential areas with great potential for comprehensive renovation and may evolve into a development type in the future,their internal infrastructure and public service facilities should be improved.The cost of comprehensive remediation potential release and comprehensive benefits do not match,and the status quo should be maintained.Third,relocate and merge rural settlements.The strategy for releasing the potential of comprehensive renovation of this type of residential area is mainly based on respecting the wishes of farmers,first easy and then difficult,and gradually reclaim the construction land within the residential area,and increase the area of arable land,forest land or garden land.In order to promote the rational and orderly development of the comprehensive land consolidation project and the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy,this paper puts forward the following policy suggestions:(1)Carry out the renovation of rural settlements by classification.For developmentoriented rural settlements with relatively superior comprehensive conditions,we should focus on tapping the potential inward,supporting and improving infrastructure and public service facilities,improving the living environment,protecting and making good use of historical and cultural resources,promoting industrial development,and guiding the population to gather and live.For the reserved rural settlements,the focus of renovation should be shifted to the settlements with greater potential for comprehensive renovation,and equal emphasis should be placed on the consolidation of basic facilities and comprehensive environmental renovation;At the same time,for the settlements with less potential for comprehensive consolidation,the households should be gradually guided to migrate to the development-oriented rural settlements.For the relocated rural settlements with poor comprehensive conditions,on the basis of protecting the rights and interests of farmers,gradually carry out house demolition and reclaim the construction land by adhering to the principle of ploughing if ploughing,gardens and forests.(2)Establish and improve the withdrawal and compensation mechanism for rural homesteads.The consolidation of rural settlements is an important way to optimize rural land space,increase the area of arable land,and promote rural revitalization.However,in the practice of rural settlements renovation,due to limited compensation funds and imperfect compensation methods,some local farmers are reluctant to give up the use of inefficient or even abandoned residential land,making it difficult to implement rural settlements renovation,and damage in some places has occurred.Farmers’ rights and other issues.Therefore,on the basis of the "one household,one house" policy,we should establish and improve the rural homestead exit and compensation mechanism,encourage farmers who have settled in cities to voluntarily withdraw from idle homesteads,and encourage farmers with large homesteads and inefficient use to voluntarily Give up idle homesteads to promote comprehensive renovation of rural settlements.(3)Strengthen farmers’ participation mechanism.Farmers are important stakeholders in the consolidation of rural settlements,and their willingness is directly related to the implementation and progress of rural settlements consolidation projects.The renovation of rural settlements needs to increase the degree of farmers’ participation,encourage and attract farmers to participate in the renovation work in different ways,and fully protect the rights and interests of farmers.First,government departments should actively publicize relevant policies to improve farmers’ awareness of rural settlements and its significance;secondly,project implementation units should listen to farmers’ opinions,organize full discussions among the masses,understand key issues,and obtain feedback from farmers in project areas.Support for the renovation of rural settlements;thirdly,in the process of renovation,local farmers should be involved in the construction as much as possible,and the supervision role of local farmers should be brought into play to ensure the quality of residential renovation projects.