Research On The Choice Of Old-Age Care Methods For The Elderly In Rural Areas Under The Background Of Family Structure Miniaturization

Contemporary Chinese family structure is facing changes in miniaturization,which makes traditional rural pension methods face a huge impact.However,due to the lack of rural pension resources,lack of pension conditions,and the need to improve pension security,the choice of pension methods for the elderly in rural areas is undoubtedly affected by many aspects.Investigating the current development status of the elderly in rural areas and understanding the influencing factors of the elderly’s current and willing pension options are not only a summary of the early development of rural elderly care,but also a basis for promoting the future development of elderly care.Firstly,according to the background of the topic selection,the research questions of this paper are put forward.On this basis,the research purpose,significance and technology roadmap and investigation method are expounded,and finally the innovations and deficiencies of this paper are clarified.Secondly,it conducts a literature review of domestic and foreign researches,defines the relevant concepts of the topic of the article,and builds a model for the elderly’s choice of care for the elderly in view of the "Regeding pension" theory,Maslow’s hierarchy of requirements theory,and family life cycle theory.Thirdly,the article expatiate the general situation of the aging of the elderly in Sili Village,Anhui Province,and the general situation of pension supply.In view of the general situation of elderly care in Sili Village,Anhui Province,a questionnaire was designed to conduct one-on-one interviews with the elderly in Sili Village.Combined with the actual elderly care situation of the elderly in Sili Village,the four aspects of personal characteristics,family characteristics,economic characteristics and spiritual characteristics of the elderly were analyzed.Twelve variables were extracted from a broad aspect,and finally an analysis model of influencing factors on the choice of old-age care methods for the elderly in Sili Village,Anhui Province was obtained.The actual data collected through interviews were used for sample analysis,and the analysis found that among the current choices of old-age care methods,the proportion of elderly people who choose self-support for the elderly is as high as 72.22%,25.00% of the elderly rely on their children for the elderly,and only 2.28% of the elderly choose institutions.It can be seen that the survey respondents still regard self-support as their primary choice.Regardless of various conditions,43.06% of the survey respondents are willing to choose their own pension for the elderly,50% of the elderly prefer to have children for the elderly,and 6.94% of the elderly are willing to choose institutional pensions.It shows that there is a significant difference between the willingness to care for the elderly and the current retirement choices,reflecting that many factors affect the current retirement choices of the elderly.Thirdly,the univariate analysis was used to verify the statistical associations between the 12 independent variables and the current and willing pension choices.The data shows that the influence of the elderly’s current pension methods from deep to shallow are: employment status,marital status,whether there is loneliness,frequency of children’s visit,self-care situation,and personal annual income.Among the 12 variables that affect the respondents’ willingness to care for the elderly,except for the variables of gender,main economic source and whether the pension is sufficient for daily expenses,the remaining 9 variables have passed the significance test.Then use multivariate logistic regression analysis to define and select variables,and finally obtain the analysis model of influencing factors for the choice of old-age care methods for the elderly in Sili Village,Anhui Province.The results show that:among the respondents’ willingness to provide for the aged,the variables of personal annual income,retirement concept,employment status,and the number of children have a particularly significant impact on the retirement mode.Among the current pension methods of the survey respondents,employment status,personal annual income,the number of children,and the main economic source variables have a particularly significant impact on the choice of pension methods.Finally,based on the perspective of the influencing factors of old-age pension mode,and guided by the choice of old-age care methods,it proposes countermeasures to improve the diversified old-age security system.Such as: strengthening the concept of self-support for the elderly,guiding children to supply resources for the elderly,improving the professionalism of resource services in old-age institutions,and building the availability of social old-age care services.