| In 2017,the United States announced the “301 investigation”against China by invoking “The United States Trade Act”;In 2018,U.S.Department of Commerce announced a tariff increase on goods worth of 50 billion dollars imported from China.After that,Australia,Britain,Netherlands and other countries also imposed import restrictions on China in the field of steel,catering,textiles as well as information and communication equipments.It’s worthy of noticing the fact that a list of entities formulated by U.S.Department of Commerce entails nearly 200 entities and universities due to national security and sanctions about information disclosures.It’s clearly found that the entities listed on the blacklist are mainly in the field of aerospace,artificial intelligence and precise electronic equipments.Meanwhile,in order to curb the Huawei and ZTE 5G projects in Europe,the United States issues a ban forbids the chips applying American technology exporting to Huawei.In September 2020,India announced a ban on 118 Chinese applications.The fact indicates that technical barriers to trade exist in more invisible and more flexible ways,hindering the development of China’s foreign trade.And China’s high-tech industry has been the key target for foreign protectionism.Against the background of new international economic and trade situation,it’s necessary for China to further study technical barrier to trade,so as to better deal with the dilemma faced by later countries.Firstly,the thesis summarizes previous documents in terms of the definition,causes,and impacts on export trade margins.Secondly,the thesis expands a research about the impact brought by technical barrier to trade based on theories containing comparative advantage and enterprise heterogeneity trade.At the same time,it turns out that due to the existence of heterogeneity among industries,reasonable hypotheses could be put forward on the basis of evaluation about technological innovation capability and competitiveness of specific industry.Thirdly,the thesis takes use of means of kernel density estimation to further study the current situation of China’s ICT products export ternary margins and its change trend with technical barriers to trade.Through constructing extended gravity model,different econometric models are used for multiple regressions.The hypotheses are verified: technical barriers to trade promote the quantity margin of China’s ICT products export,while inhibit the extensive margin and price margin.Technical barriers to trade in developing countries play a more significant role in promoting quantity margin of China’s ICT products export.The impacts caused by technical barriers to trade on quantity margin and price margin of China’s ICT products export during financial crisis is different from that in the later stage.Finally,the thesis summarizes the research results and proposes some countermeasures and suggestions.Through arranging previous documents,it turns out that some scholars have noticed export growth spurred by reverse effect brought by TBT on innovation after limiting export flows.However,the research is mainly focused on manufacturing industry or general trade situation.Considering heterogeneous impacts caused by TBT,research is launched on the division basis of industry levels.Therefore,the contribution of the thesis is to analyze the impacts caused by TBT on export focusing on the field of ICT industry from the perspective of ternary trade margins.And research hypotheses are verified through data analysis,so as to make up research deficiency of previous studies.The countermeasures and suggestions for China to cope with TBT during foreign trade are proposed according to the conclusions. |
