| The concept of green development has a long history in my country.For a long time,our country has adhered to this development idea and made continuous efforts for it.The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19 th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China pointed out that the economic long-term goals for 2035 include "development of healthy production and lifestyle,stable and moderate decline in carbon emissions after peaking,fundamental improvement of the environment,and initial achievement of the overall goal of building a beautiful country.".In 2021,President Xi’s speech at the summit of the Convention on Biological Diversity reiterated the importance of green development.Jiangxi is rich in green resources and has a good ecological environment.When General Secretary Xi inspected Jiangxi in 2016,he showed a recognition of Jiangxi’s green ecology.Under the guidance of General Secretary Xi,the Jiangxi Provincial Government followed the trend,concentrated its advantages at the 14 th Party Congress,and devoted itself to the "green rise" of Jiangxi.How to achieve green development has become an important issue that needs to be solved urgently in Jiangxi’s current economy and society.As far as green development itself is concerned,it has the general characteristics of quasi-public goods.It is because of this characteristic that the government plays an indispensable role in the provision of quasi-public goods.This thesis will take energy conservation and environmental protection expenditure as the research object,and explore its specific effect on the green development of Jiangxi Province and its cities.First,through the introduction of the related concepts of energy conservation and environmental protection expenditure and green development and the sorting of literature,combined with the classic theoretical basis,this thesis summarizes the specific ways that energy conservation and environmental protection expenditures act on green development under four theoretical models.Financial expenditures for energy conservation and environmental protection can effectively reduce non-competitive and non-exclusive problems through investment in pollution control,special funds,and ecological forest restoration;improve positive and negative externalities through transfer payments,financial subsidies,and tax relief;Improve adverse selection and moral hazard issues through regulation,informatization construction and administrative supervision;promote sustainable development through investment in renewable energy,circular economy,etc.Then,this thesis analyzes the scale of energy conservation and environmental protection expenditures and the status quo of green development,and finds that for the scale of energy conservation and environmental protection expenditures,the scale growth in 2014 and before showed the characteristics of instability,and continued to improve in 2015 and after.For local municipal governments,Xinyu,Pingxiang,Jingdezhen and other places have a large amount of financial expenditure on energy conservation and environmental protection,but Nanchang,the capital city,is relatively small.As far as green development is concerned,cities in Jiangxi Province show two characteristics,one is the rising type of fluctuation and the other is the type of stable fluctuation,and there is a relatively obvious fault in the rising type of city.For all cities,Nanchang,Jingdezhen and Pingxiang scored relatively high,while Yichun and Shangrao scored relatively low.Secondly,this thesis chooses to use the ordinary panel regression model to analyze the overall impact of energy conservation and environmental protection expenditure on the green development of Jiangxi Province,and then divides it into two time periods for specific analysis according to the difference in growth scale stability.After inspection,Jiangxi Province’s environmental protection financial expenditure has a relatively obvious positive effect on green development.Further,the continuity and stability of scale growth will also have an impact on green development.The continuous growth of energy conservation and environmental protection expenditure scale is conducive to the level of green development.The improvement of,and the effect is significant,and vice versa,although there is an effect,but the effect is not significant.At the same time,this thesis uses the generalized least squares method to analyze the impact of energy conservation and environmental protection expenditures on green development among cities in Jiangxi Province and compares the differences.There are four types of cities,namely Yichun,Fuzhou,Ji’an and Jingdezhen.The city with a significant negative trend is Shangrao.The remaining six cities did not show significant characteristics.This not only proves that energy conservation and environmental protection expenditure can effectively promote the green development of Jiangxi Province,but also further illustrates the problem that the effect is not sufficient and there is a large room for improvement.Finally,this thesis will also put forward more specific policy suggestions in response to the previous analysis conclusions.In view of the small scale of energy conservation and environmental protection expenditure and insufficient development stability,the people’s governments at all levels should form a long-term growth incentive mechanism for fiscal energy conservation and environmental protection expenditure,which can make the scale of environmental protection expenditure and the overall level of economic and social development,and the government’s financial macro-control efforts.Appropriate.In view of the differences in the level of green development and weak links in green development among cities in Jiangxi Province,it is proposed that the government should allocate the internal expenditures for energy conservation and environmental protection scientifically and rationally,and further optimize the expenditure structure in accordance with the principle of adapting to local conditions.In order to maximize the promotion effect of energy conservation and environmental protection expenditure on green development,we should rationally allocate funds to energy conservation and environmental protection expenditure projects that need urgent support,and make up for the shortcomings of green development in various cities in a targeted manner.In view of the different effects of energy conservation and environmental protection expenditures on green development in different districts and cities,it is pointed out that the management system of fiscal energy conservation and environmental protection expenditures should be improved to ensure that powers and financial rights are in line with responsibilities.Aiming at the problem that energy conservation and environmental protection expenditures rely too much on financial support,it is pointed out that the market input function should be brought into play,social financing channels should be broadened,and private capital investment should be encouraged.In this way,citizens,the market and the government can form a joint force to more effectively contribute to the green development of Jiangxi Province. |
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