Research On The Influencing Factors Of Energy Conservation And Environmental Protection Expenditure Of Local Government In China

After the reform and opening up,China's economy has maintained rapid development.However,with the accelerating process of industrialization and urbanization,a series of environmental problems have also emerged in China.If these environmental issues cannot be effectively resolved,the economic development of our country will be hindered.It threatens the health of the people and affects the stability of society.Therefore,in recent years the Chinese government on environmental issues given high priority,in 2017 nineteen large party report pointed out that the construction of ecological civilization is the millennium plan for sustainable development of the Chinese nation.The philosophy of the mountain,insisting on the basic national policy of saving resources and protecting the environment,treats the ecological environment as if it were life.At the same time,China continues to increase energy-saving environmental protection expenditures to solve serious environmental problems.As the main body of energy-saving and environmental protection expenditure,local governments have achieved certain achievements in environmental protection,but there are also many problems.Based on the above background and reasons,this paper studies the impact of these factors on China's local government's environmental expenditure from the perspective of political,economic and social factors that influence public expenditure,so as to provide a new perspective for solving the problems in China's environmental expenditure.Firstly,the difference between the four aspects of energy saving and environmental protection expenditures of local government size,growth,structure and regions to analyze the current situation and found that,in terms of the absolute size or relative size,China's energy-saving and environmental protection expenditures is an increasing trend,but compared with other public expenditure is still in a "vulnerable" position;From the point of view of growth rate,although the increase is rapid but the fluctuation is fierce,the growth is not stable.From the perspective of expenditure structure,the subjects are set up more rationally,but the expenditure has the phenomenon of “prevention and prevention of serious accidents”;from the perspective of regional differences,The central and western regions all show an upward trend,but the eastern region has experienced rapid growth while the central and western regions have experienced slow growth.There is still a large gap between regions.The main reasons for the above-mentioned problems in China's localgovernment energy-saving and environmental protection expenditures are: the mismatch between the power of the local government and the financial power;the non-standard energy saving and environmental protection transfer payment system;the unsound performance evaluation system of the local government officials;and the cross-border cooperation governance mechanism of the local government imperfect.Therefore,this paper analyzes the factors affecting the energy-saving and environmental protection expenditures of local governments in both theoretical and empirical aspects.In terms of theoretical analysis,it mainly analyzes the political factors such as fiscal decentralization,government competition,transfer payments,industrial structure in economic factors,local economic development level,fiscal revenue,environmental pollution and demographic factors in social factors,and combines with Chinese actual situation put forward corresponding assumptions.In the empirical analysis,select representative variables,the use of the 2010-2015 provincial panel data empirical test and It was found that fiscal decentralization and government competition as a whole promoted the increase in local government expenditure on energy saving and environmental protection,The expenditure on energy saving and environmental protection has a negative inhibitory effect;transfer payments do not promote the increase of local governments' energy conservation and environmental protection expenditures as a whole,but they have a catalytic effect on energy saving and environmental protection expenditures in the western region;when the proportion of secondary industries in the industrial structure is relatively large,they do not increase.It will help local governments increase their expenditure on energy conservation and environmental protection;local economic development levels and fiscal revenue will have positive effects on them;with the increase in environmental pollution,local governments will not be forced to increase spending on energy conservation and environmental protection.Based on the above conclusions,corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are proposed.