Research On Node Deployment Strategy Of Three-Dimensional Surface Wireless Sensor Network Based On Multi-Objective Optimization

With the rapid development of microelectronics,computing technology,and wireless communication,miniature sensor nodes integrating multiple functional modules have also achieved development.The wireless sensor network is composed of miniature sensor nodes deployed in the monitoring area.Wireless communication is used to form a multi-hop selforganized wireless sensor network that can collaboratively sense,collect and process information in the monitoring area and process the information accordingly.WSNs are the bridge between the physical world and the digital virtual world.Perceiving the objective world through WSNs extends the ability of human cognition of the world.Among the problems of WSNs,two main issues have to be addressed: one is the design of the physical level of the hardware of the sensor nodes;the other is the improvement and optimization through technologies such as routing optimization,topology control,and deployment strategies.WSNs network node deployment strategy as the basic content of WSNs has also gained wide attention from domestic and international research scholars.It is of great research significance to obtain efficient network node deployment schemes for WSNs.This paper addresses the problem of sensor node deployment of WSNs on 3D terrain surfaces,explores the study of wireless sensor network node deployment strategies for 3D terrain surfaces,constructs a WSNs sensor node deployment model applied to different monitoring terrains,and studies the deployment of WSNs nodes based on 3D terrain surfaces,the main research work and results of this paper are as follows:(1)For the node deployment problem of WSNs on 3D surfaces,this paper uses a probability sensor model based on LOS to establish the coverage model of WSNs.The energy consumption imbalance degree is used to measure the energy consumption of WSNs,which avoids the problem of network paralysis of WSNs due to the premature death of some nodes.The model can effectively address the node deployment problem of WSNs on 3D surfaces,eliminating coverage hole of the network and balancing the energy consumption of WSNs sensor nodes.(2)For the node deployment problem of large-scale wireless sensor networks,this paper uses the maintenance cost of WSNs as the main optimization objective of WSNs deployment and establishes the maintenance cost model of WSNs.A mutual information-based perceptual quality evaluation model is used to measure the sensing quality of WSNs,and a communication quality evaluation model of WSNs is developed to measure the reliability of WSNs.With maintenance cost as the main optimization objective,the model ensures the communication and sensing quality of large-scale WSNs and reduces the predicted maintenance cost.(3)In order to address the above multi-objective optimization model,an improved nondominated ranking genetic algorithm based on the Voronoi diagram is proposed for solving the node deployment problem of WSNs on 3D surfaces.The annealing operation is introduced into the multi-objective optimization algorithm when the monitoring area range increases to prevent the algorithm from falling into the local optimum and enhance the global search capability of the algorithm.The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can be applied to the deployment of WSNs nodes on 3D surfaces,and it is an effective sensor node deployment algorithm that can be applied to 3D terrain by effectively solving the void problem that occurs in 3D terrain and optimizing the main objectives in the system model.