Calibration And Measurement Of Phased Array Antenna And Its Application Research

Due to the advancements in communication and antenna technologies,the development of phased array antenna technology has become a significant area of interest in the field since the turn of the 21 st century.Researchers both domestically and internationally have studied various aspects of phased array antennas such as their bandwidth,polarization characteristics,scanning features,and array synthesis for many years.However,the calibration technology for phased array antennas and its practical implementation in engineering has not yet received much attention from scholars and has thus progressed relatively slowly.This thesis seeks to address this gap by investigating the calibration technology of phased array antennas and its potential applications.The main content of this thesis is outlined below.1.This article presents a summary of the fundamental theory underlying phased array antenna calibration technology.The thesis further categorizes existing calibration methods based on specific criteria and highlights the differences between them.Additionally,the rotating element electric field vector(REV)method,a crucial calibration technique in phased array antenna calibration,is examined in detail.2.In the classification of phased array antenna calibration methods,the rotating element electric field vector(REV)method is a non-linear and point measurement technique.This article explores the basic principles and characteristics of the REV method,along with recent advancements in REV.After considering its limitations,a new calibration method is proposed.This method employs the K-Nearest Neighbor(KNN)algorithm in machine learning,which overcomes the limitations of the REV method while maintaining measurement accuracy and minimal changes to calibration time.The proposed method is validated through simulations and experimental tests.3.This article presents a new outdoor calibration field testing system for large-scale phased array antennas based on unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs).The system utilizes the rotating element electric field vector(REV)method,which has been analyzed for its characteristics in phased array antenna calibration,and incorporates the K-Nearest Neighbor(KNN)algorithm proposed in this article.Recent developments in practical applications of phased array antenna calibration technology are also taken into account.The proposed system offers the advantage of easy construction of the testing system while ensuring testing efficiency.Its accuracy has been validated through practical outdoor testing experiments.