Research On Routing Algorithms In Payment Channel Networks

Blockchain-based cryptocurrencies are subject to the limitations of the consensus mechanism and have the problem of low transaction throughput.The payment channel network transfers transactions from onchain to off-chain,obviously improving transaction throughput.However,the simple routing scheme will exhaust the balance of some channels in the network,resulting in the failure of transactions passing through this channel,which in turn affects the overall transaction success rate.In order to improve the transaction success rate in the payment channel network,the relevant research proposes solutions from the two directions of routing algorithm optimization and network fund rebalancing,but these studies only consider the fund balance of the path in the transaction path search process,and do not consider the imbalance of fund distribution at both ends of the transaction through the back channel,which affects the success rate of subsequent transactions.In this paper,a multipath routing algorithm is designed to perform path search in a distributed manner and select routes based on the balance of funds on the path and path quality,the specific work is as follows:(1)The fund balance of the payment channel refers to the uniformity of the distribution of the fund balance in the two directions of the channel,and the topological characteristics of the payment channel network are analyzed and a model is established.The balance of funds for a trade path is quantitatively measured using variance-based money skewness,and the penalty factor is used to measure path quality based on the amount by which a trade succeeds or fails.The path selection algorithm is designed to select the transaction path based on the capital skewness and penalty factor,which improves the success rate of a single transaction and makes the distribution of funds in the payment channel network tend to be uniform,improve the utilization rate of funds in the network,and thus improve the overall transaction success rate.(2)The calculation of the skewness of funds requires the balance allocation of the payment channel in both directions,and calculating the skewness of funds by the sender of the transaction will lead to privacy issues.In order to ensure the privacy of intermediate nodes,this paper designs a distributed multipath search method in payment channel network based on the dynamic source routing protocol in Ad-Hoc network.At the same time,in order to solve the problem of excessive network overhead caused by broadcasting routing messages in the process of path search,this paper uses routing tables to reduce network overhead for small transactions accounting for about 90%of the total number of transactions,and uses multipath search and sending for large transactions to improve the transaction success rate.(3)We use OPNET simulation to implement our routing algorithm,and the algorithm is experimented under the generative network and the real network,and compared with the algorithms of related research,the results show that the proposed algorithm can improve the transaction success rate and reduce the number of routing probe messages.