Research On 2D Multi-Plate Irregular Layout

2D multi-plate irregular layout problems widely exist in manufacturing.The goal is to improve material utilization while solving the problem of blanking batches of shapes on multiple plates.An efficient layout algorithm can improve material utilization and bring huge economic and social benefits.Therefore,the research on the 2D multi-plate irregular layout is of great significance.The layout problem is mainly divided into two parts:positioning and sequencing.For the positioning problem,the existing methods are easy to miss the layout area and have high computational complexity.For the sequencing problem,a single intelligent optimization algorithm is easy to fall into a local optimal solution when optimizing the sequence of shapes,and the current sequence optimization algorithm does not consider the characteristics of multi-plate layout.In addition,to improve the automation level in actual production,the cutting path needs to be planned after the layout is completed.This paper studies the above problems.The main research contents are as follows:(1)To the positioning problem for complex shapes,a 2D irregular layout algorithm based on reference lines is proposed.The algorithm has high graphic recognition accuracy,and can also identify the concave area of the shape,reduce material waste,and simplify the calculation of the positional relationship between shapes.(2)To the multi-plate layout sequencing problem,a multi-plate layout sequence optimization idea based on stepwise layout is proposed.It fully considers the characteristics of multi-plate layout problems.To further improve the filling rate and efficiency,a multi-plate sequential optimization strategy based on niche discrete particle swarm optimization is proposed.The algorithm has good global search ability,and further improves the filling rate and efficiency of the layout.Finally,the idea of stepwise layout is used to guide the discrete particle swarm algorithm of the niche to optimize the layout sequence,and greet results have been achieved in the optimization of the multi-plate layout sequence problem.(3)To the cutting path planning problem,an improved ant colony algorithm with cutting point list is proposed.The algorithm reduces the cutting stroke and improves the computational efficiency.Finally,the NC code is automatically generated according to the cutting path,which improves the production efficiency.(4)To improve the automation level of enterprise production,a layout prototype system is designed.The layout prototype system is embedded with the layout related methods proposed in this subject,which can realize a complete set of processes from reading part drawings to NC code generation,and improve the automation and intelligence level of actual processing in the factory.