Research On Scheduling Scheme And Algorithm Of Heterogeneous Fleet In Electric Carsharing System Considering Charging Strategy

With the development of sharing economy,the mode of "Internet +Automobile" is developing rapidly.Considering the influence of policy and operation cost,the carsharing operators mainly put electric vehicles with different battery capacity into the market for one-way sharing pattern.Because of the unbalanced distribution of vehicles in the one-way electric carsharing system during the operation process,the short driving range,slow charging speed,and different parameters of vehicles,it is very difficult to manage the heterogeneous fleet in this system.In order to improve the utilization of social resources and the decision-making ability of enterprises,this paper studied the scheduling problem of heterogeneous fleet in electric carsharing system.According to the static and dynamic order demand,a shared electric vehicle fleet scheduling model was constructed,and an advanced algorithm was designed to solve the model.Finally,the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed model and algorithm were proved by large-scale numerical experiments and sensitivity analysis.The general research work is as follows:(1)The scheduling problem of heterogeneous electric vehicle fleet under static demand was studied.Under the strategy of partial order response and charge-on-demand,a joint decision was made for the operation scheduling problems such as the composition and delivery of heterogeneous fleet,order selection,vehicle relocation and charge management,then,a mixed-integer linear programming model was proposed to solve the static scheduling problem of the heterogeneous electric fleet based on the system profit maximization.(2)The scheduling problem of dynamic heterogeneous electric fleet with real-time order renewal was studied.A dynamic vehicle scheduling system with periodic and event-driven strategy was designed.By constructing a rescheduling model,the vehicle scheduling scheme can be adjusted without affecting the completion of the original order.Thus,the decision support system of shared electric vehicle scheduling problem was further improved.(3)According to the characteristics of the heterogeneous electric fleet scheduling problem,a self-defined ant colony algorithm was proposed to solve the large-scale problem quickly by improving the route selection mechanism and updating the strategy of pheromone map.Furthermore,a new hybrid algorithm was designed by embedding the self-defined ant colony algorithm in the frame of the column generation algorithm.Then,the performance analysis and sensitivity analysis based on different scale cases proved the advantages of the proposed algorithm.Moreover,studies of the impact of heterogeneous electric fleet composition,charging strategy and order selection on the profitability of the system provided useful management suggestion for enterprises.In this paper,the fleet scheduling problem of multi-vehicle shared electric vehicle under static and dynamic demand scenarios was studied.The proposed model and algorithm can provide theoretical support and management advice for operators’ scheduling decisions,improve the profitability of enterprises,and promote the sustainable development of carsharing model.