Research On The Kinematic Characteristics Of The Speed Single Swing Jumping Technique Of College Male Rope Skipping Athlete

With the popularization of the national fitness movement and the promotion of the construction of sports power,skipping from a popular social sports,gradually evolved into a unique competitive sports and a variety of sports performance programs,because of its low requirements for venue equipment,fitness effectiveness,simple and easy to master and other characteristics of the majority of fitness enthusiasts love.In recent years,the Social Sports Guidance Center of the State General Administration of Sport and the National Rope Skipping Promotion Committee have organized a number of mass rope skipping competitions,attracting a large number of people to participate in rope skipping,including many college students.The promotion of jump rope can’t leave the standard sports technology support and scientific training method guidance.However,after reviewing relevant literature,it is found that there are weak researches on jump rope technology in our country.In this study,the expert interview method was used to determine the kinematic indexes related to the speed single roll jump that needed to be measured.APAS Multiple three-dimensional motion analysis software was used to analyze the technical movements of the speed single roll jump of 34 male rope jumpers from the skipping teams of 5 universities in China.Using SPSS 26.0 and Microsoft Excel2010 software,principal component analysis and regression analysis were carried out on the data obtained from video analysis,and the characteristics of athletic techniques of male college student rope jumpers were summarized.It provides technical support for the jump rope coach to carry out speed single shake jump training and the social sports instructor to guide the national fitness jump rope project,and also provides power for the promotion of the jump rope project.The research results are as follows:(1)In the upper limb technique,the mean standard deviation of the left elbow joint angle of the athletes in the fast,medium and slow speed groups was 7.065,8.061 and 9.959 respectively,and the angular velocity of extension was 192.296 ± 29.443Deg/s,169.639 ± 15.580Deg/s and180.915 ± 60.971Deg/s respectively.The mean standard deviation of the right elbow joint angle was 7.312,8.053 and 8.426,and the angular velocity of extension was 198.523 ± 42.809Deg/s,190.159 ± 42.015Deg/s and 165.230 ± 32.698Deg/s respectively.The mean standard deviation of left wrist joint angle was 8.140,9.283 and 9.863,and the angular velocity of extension was 170.088± 33.849Deg/s,171.589 ± 23.049Deg/s and 145.819 ± 29.610Deg/s respectively.The mean standard deviation of the right wrist joint angle was 7.537,7.628 and 7.743,and the angular velocity of extension was 202.938 ± 79.870Deg/s,177.201 ± 19.305Deg/s and 171.214 ±126.611Deg/s respectively.(2)In terms of lower limb technique,the average maximum left foot height from the ground of athletes in the fast,medium and slow speed groups was 0.216±0.025 m,0.237±0.019 m and0.253±0.030 m respectively.The average maximum height of the right foot from the ground was0.222±0.026 m,0.238±0.019 m,0.249±0.032 m respectively.The average downward velocity of the left tiptoe was 1.700±0.050m/s,1.418±0.108m/s,0.990±0.209m/s respectively.The average downward velocity of the right tiptoe was 1.671±0.090m/s,1.407±0.100m/s and 1.058±0.181m/s respectively.The average upward velocity of the left tiptoe was 1.466±0.072m/s,1.205±0.070m/s and 0.913±0.193m/s respectively.The average downward velocity of the right tiptoe was1.377±0.063m/s,1.261±0.072m/s and 1.062±0.289m/s.(3)In terms of trunk technique,the mean standard deviation of left shoulder height of athletes in the fast,medium and slow speed groups was 0.012,0.018 and 0.028 respectively.The mean standard deviation of right shoulder height was 0.013,0.016 and 0.027 respectively.The torso inclination angles were 50.261±7.192°,56.047±5.139°,72.484±11.990° respectively.Research conclusions:(1)According to the principle of speed single shake jump and the main factors affecting the performance of speed single shake jump,the upper limb technical index,lower limb technical index and trunk technical index are established as the first level index.Through correlation analysis,21 secondary indexes were selected.It provides a reference for the establishment of key technology evaluation system of velocity single roll jump.(2)According to the experimental data,the relationship between skipping frequency and key technical indicators is analyzed,and the regression equation between skipping frequency and key technical indicators is obtained.The reliability of the regression equation is found by testing the indicators of the tested college students into the regression equation,the performance of speed single roll jump can be predicted.Through statistical analysis of the index data,the comprehensive score model of upper limb,lower limb and trunk technique is established,which can not only evaluate the upper limb,lower limb and trunk technique of single shake jump of college students,but also provide reference for social sports instructors to guide the skipping movement of national fitness.(3)The upper limb technique has the largest contribution rate in the speed single shake jump technique.The rope shaking motion of athletes with fast skipping frequency is characterized by small motion amplitude of elbow joint and wrist joint movements and fast speed of downward rope shaking.The smaller motion amplitude of rope shaking is helpful to improve the speed of rope shaking,so as to improve the performance of single shake jump.(4)In the aspect of lower limb technique,rope skipping frequency has a significant negative correlation with the maximum height of tiptoe off the ground,and has a significant positive correlation with the vertical movement speed of the tiptoe.Reducing the height of the leg lifting and strengthening the leg and ankle joints of lower limbs are the key to speed up the frequency of foot alternations.(5)In the aspect of trunk technique,the frequency of skipping rope is negatively correlated with the Angle of trunk Angle.To some extent,reducing the Angle of skipping rope can improve the performance of skipping rope.Maintaining the stability of the trunk is the key to reduce the error rate in the process of rope skipping.