Study On The Application Of Topology Optimization Method In Structural-electromagnetic-thermal Integrated Design Of Antennas

With the wide application of antennas in wireless communication,radar detection and other fields,the higher demands for their performance are getting increasing.As a complex electronic device that radiates or receives electromagnetic waves,the electrical performance is affected by the structural deformation caused by external loads and ambient temperature.When designing the antenna structures,if only relying on designer’s experience,it is difficult to coordinate various design parameters: the electrical performance may be satisfied,but the structure is unreasonable or does not meet the design requirements;or the structure design is reasonable,but cannot meet the electrical performance requirements.Therefore,in order to ensure the electrical performance of the antenna,it is necessary to comprehensively optimize the structure based on the multi-fields coupled relationships in terms of electromechanical and thermal disciplines.Among various optimization design methods,topology optimization method can provide design solutions beyond experience when only giving boundary conditions and optimization objectives,and that has greater design freedom.When using the related algorithms for topology optimization,multidisciplinary analysis can be performed,but limited by the size of the model,the numerical analysis of larger models is complex and time-consuming;the use of professional software for single-disciplinary analysis is accurate and fast,but multi-disciplinary comprehensive analysis design is limited.Therefore,this thesis proposes to combine the advantages of the algorithm program and the numerical analysis software,and use the numerical analysis software to replace the numerical analysis module in the topology optimization analysis to improve the implementation of the topology optimization method.Then,based on the structuralelectromagnetic-thermal coupling theory of antennas,the method is used to carry out the comprehensive optimization design of the antenna structure.The research content of this thesis mainly includes the following three aspects:(1)The variable density method of topology optimization algorithm is developed,a topology optimization design method based on accurate numerical analysis is proposed,and the program structure is built and implemented by programming.First,the data transfer approach between the algorithm program and the numerical analysis software is established to realize the effective transfer of grid information.Then,the numerical analysis software is recalled through the interface function to establish the same design domains and carry out accurate analysis according to the related boundary conditions and design parameters.Finally,the corresponding optimal topology structure is obtained through optimization calculation.At the same time,a single-discipline structure design is carried out using this method,which verifies the effectiveness and superiority of the method.(2)Based on accurate numerical analysis,a topology optimization design method with thermo-mechanical coupling is proposed.According to the antenna support structure model,under different thermal boundary conditions and different performance functions as the design goals,the optimal design of the thermo-mechanical coupling topology of the antenna structure is carried out,and then different structural design schemes are obtained.(3)The influence of the position deformation of the array element on the electrical performance of the linear array antenna is investigated,and the optimal design method of electromechanical coupling topology is proposed.Firstly,the topological optimization design of the antenna structure is carried out with the flatness of the upper surface of the design domain as the optimization design objective.Then,setting the electrical performance of the antenna as the goal,and comprehensively considering the load conditions such as the self-weight of the structure,temperature,and uniform force,the topology optimization design of the design domain is implemented,and the optimal structural topology in the sense of electrical performance is obtained.Finally,the effectiveness of the multi-field coupling topology optimization method of the antenna structure is verified by the numerical simulation case.