Diversity Evaluation And Influencing Factors Of Regional Universities In China

Biodiversity plays an important role in maintaining ecological balance,promoting the harmony between man and nature and promoting the sustainable development of social economy.From the point of view of ecosystem,every university is like a species in biology and has its own uniqueness.The diversity of colleges and universities is also the basic factor to maintain the ecological balance of complex higher education system and promote sustainable development.However,the higher education system,like an ecosystem,is difficult to be in a state of spontaneous balance.The simplification and convergence of the internal system,hierarchy,regional layout and personnel training and the inadaptability of the external system to various factors are still the problems facing the sustainable development of China’s higher education system.Therefore,measuring the diversity level of colleges and universities has certain theoretical and practical significance for understanding the characteristics of the development of colleges and universities in various regions,promoting the classified development and management of colleges and universities,and adjusting the structure of higher education.In order to measure the present situation and influencing factors of the diversity of Chinese universities,based on the analysis of biodiversity perspective and the application of diversity index in the field of higher education,this study uses birnbaum index,Simpson index,Shannon-Weiner index and fragrance uniformity to measure the diversity level of Chinese higher education system from five aspects: scale,college type,affiliated department,school level and school-running nature.Finally,the factors that affect the diversification level of higher education are discussed.The data of the number of employees in the primary,secondary and tertiary industries,the number of students per100,000 population,GDP and population in each province are collected from the aspects of industry,education system,GDP and population,and the correlation and regression analysis are carried out by SPSS and Shannon index.The findings are as follows:(1)Shannon wiener index is suitable for comparing the diversity level of higher education between regions in the same period,while Simpson index is more robust and more suitable for diachronic analysis,and the two indexes have certain correlation with birnbaum index.(2)There is no obvious correlation between the richness and uniformity of colleges and universities.Areas with high richness and balance,high richness and low evenness,low richness and high evenness,and low richness and evenness.The richness of college diversity is high,and its uniformity is not necessarily high.(3)The overall diversity level of colleges in the eastern region is slightly higher than that in the central and western regions,and the richness and balance in the central and western regions have developed rapidly in recent years.The diversity of colleges and universities in Northeast China,Central China and Southwest China is relatively rich,while the diversity level of some colleges and universities in Northwest China,Central China and East China shows a decreasing trend.(4)In different periods,the richness of China’s regional colleges and universities has declined,and the balance has improved,but the change is not significant.Moreover,in 2022,the diversity of regional colleges and universities in China is richer than that in 2000,but the difference is smaller than that in 2010,which shows that the homogenization of regional colleges and universities in China is obvious in recent years,especially the level of college richness is low and there are many similar types of colleges and universities.(5)Higher education itself,employment structure,economic development level and other factors significantly affect the diversity of higher education.Based on this,this paper puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions from the aspects of strengthening classification guidance and policy support,improving classification management governance,perfecting relevant systems and regulations,and perfecting the independent differentiation mechanism of colleges and universities.