Research On The Productivity Effect Of Urban Labor Force Skill Complementation From The Perspective Of Heterogeneity

Summary The report of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that it is necessary to insist that employment is the foundation of people’s livelihood and to improve the promotion mechanism that is conducive to more adequate and higher-quality employment.At present,with the "miracle" development of China’s economy since the reform and opening up,a large-scale influx of labor into cities has not only brought opportunities for urban economic development,but also brought some challenges and problems,which has caused "urban There is a misunderstanding that low-end labor productivity is not needed for economic development and transformation and upgrading.Some large cities and megacities have set up “hukou dams” and employment thresholds that restrict low-skilled labor from entering,resulting in a large amount of education and skill levels Lower urban immigrants have difficulty in enjoying their due work rights and social welfare and choose to withdraw from the urban labor market,which causes spatial mismatch of labor factors and aggravates structural employment contradictions,and ultimately affects urban labor productivity.Based on this,from the perspective of skill complementation,this article deeply analyzes the formation mechanism of labor skill complementation and its impact on urban productivity and its heterogeneous characteristics,in order to explore policies for deepening the division of labor in the urban labor market,optimizing the allocation of labor resources,and improving labor productivity.Measures provide useful reference.This paper firstly identifies the level of skill complementarity and urban labor productivity in China’s urban labor force,and separately measures its temporal and spatial evolution characteristics and urban hierarchical characteristics.Secondly,it summarizes the influence mechanism of labor skill complementarity on urban labor productivity,and constructs a basic measurement model to test the overall effect of skill complementarity on urban labor productivity.Third,considering the impact of urban scale heterogeneity on the results,a threshold effect regression test was carried out to explore whether the effects of skill complementarity on urban labor productivity in different city sizes are consistent,and the introduction of the moderating effect of the household registration system on the effect of skill complementarity on urban labor productivity Empirical testing of changes in impact.Finally,it proposes an optimal allocation policy for urban productivity improvement that relies on three basic systems,clarifies four major operating mechanisms,and builds five major policy systems.The main research conclusions of this paper are as follows: First,from the perspective of spatial characteristics,areas with high levels of urban labor skill complementation are mainly concentrated in East China,North China,South China,Central China and parts of Northeast China.From the perspective of time characteristics,my country’s urban labor force skill complementation index generally shows a gradual increase over time,which means that the level of urban labor skill complementarity is increasing in general.In addition,the growth rate of labor skill complementarity in municipalities,provincial capital cities,and sub-provincial cities is significantly higher than that of other types of cities.Urban labor productivity keeps rising with the passage of time,and cities with higher labor productivity are mostly located in municipalities directly under the Central government,provincial capitals and sub-provincial cities in the southeast of Huhuanyong Line,which are similar to national population density distribution and population migration direction.Second,there is a positive net effect of skill complementation on urban labor productivity.From the overall average effect of the country,the marginal effect of skill complementarity on urban labor productivity is2.18,indicating that every 1 percentage point increase in skill complementarity level will increase urban labor productivity by 2.18 percentage points.Through the quantile regression test of skill complementation and urban labor productivity,the results show that the increase of skill complementation level will have a significant promotion effect on urban labor productivity at all points.Thirdly,The impact of skill complementarity on urban productivity is heterogeneous,showing some differences in different urban levels and different regions.In the process of urban development,the entry of low-skilled labor force should not be restricted,and the role of skill complementation in promoting urban labor productivity should be better played.